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Simulation of eolian saltation.

R S Anderson, P K Haff

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |August 12, 1988
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study models wind-driven saltation, simulating sand transport and dust ejection on Earth and Mars. It reveals that aerodynamic entrainment seeds the process, with splash impacts dominating at steady state.

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    Area of Science:

    • Geophysics
    • Planetary Science
    • Fluid Dynamics

    Background:

    • Saltation is crucial for granular material transport by wind.
    • It plays a role in dust ejection on Earth and Mars.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To model the evolution of saltating grain populations from inception to steady state.
    • To analyze the dynamics of grain impacts and entrainment during saltation.

    Main Methods:

    • Numerical simulations of single-grain impacts into granular beds.
    • Development of analytic expressions for rebound and splash dynamics.
    • Integration of entrainment rates and wind profile modifications into a comprehensive model.

    Main Results:

    • Steady-state mass fluxes align with wind tunnel experimental data.

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  • Mass flux exhibits a nonlinear dependence on shear velocity.
  • Aerodynamic entrainment primarily acts as a seeding mechanism, becoming rare at steady state.

    • Conclusions:

    • The saltation system reaches steady state rapidly, within approximately one second.
    • Splash impacts are the dominant process in sustaining saltation at steady state.