Virus-like particles and a spider mite intimately associated with a new disease of barley

The malting barley-producing regions in Montana and Canada are threatened with a new virus-like barley disease that appears to be etiologically novel. Ultrathin sections of diseased tissue contained enveloped, filamentous virus-like particles that measured 64 nanometers by 126 to 4000 nanometers. These lengths are unique for plant viruses. Unexpectedly, the spider mite,Petrobia latens, which has never been reported to be a vector of a pathogen, was found to transmit the causal agent from diseased plants to healthy barley, while noninfective mites failed to do so unless they were allowed prior access to diseased tissue.