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Amazon deforestation and climate change.

J Shukla, C Nobre, P Sellers

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |March 16, 1990
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Amazon deforestation significantly increases regional temperatures and reduces rainfall, extending the dry season. This climate shift hinders tropical forest regrowth, impacting the global climate system.

    Area of Science:

    • Climate science
    • Ecology
    • Atmospheric modeling

    Background:

    • Tropical rainforests play a crucial role in regulating regional and global climate.
    • Deforestation in the Amazon basin is a significant environmental concern with potential climate implications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the impact of Amazon deforestation on regional and global climate using a coupled numerical model.
    • To investigate the effects of replacing tropical forests with degraded grassland on climate variables.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a coupled numerical model integrating global atmosphere and biosphere components.
    • Simulated the replacement of Amazonian tropical forests with degraded grassland (pasture).

    Main Results:

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    • Observed a significant increase in surface temperature over Amazonia.
    • Documented a decrease in evapotranspiration and precipitation in the deforested region.
    • Found an increase in the length of the dry season, potentially inhibiting forest recovery.

    Conclusions:

    • Amazon deforestation leads to substantial regional warming and drying, altering crucial climate dynamics.
    • The simulated climate changes suggest that reestablishing tropical forests after extensive deforestation may become exceedingly challenging.