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Atomic Force Microscopy

Atomic Force Microscopy

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a type of scanning probe microscopy that can analyze topographic details of various specimens like ceramics, glass, polymers, and biological samples. AFM offers over 1000 times more resolution than the optical imaging system. Images generated from AFM are three-dimensional surface profiles, offering an advantage over the flat, two-dimensional images from other imaging techniques.
The AFM Probe
The probe is regarded as the heart of any AFM setup and comprises the...

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Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Atomic Force Microscopy Cantilever-Based Nanoindentation: Mechanical Property Measurements at the Nanoscale in Air and Fluid

Atomic Force Microscopy Cantilever-Based Nanoindentation: Mechanical Property Measurements at the Nanoscale in Air and Fluid

Published on: December 2, 2022

Quantitative analysis of surface micro-roughness alterations in human spermatozoa using atomic force microscopy.

Sunil Kumar¹, Koel Chaudhury, Prasenjit Sen

¹School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721 302, India.

Journal of Microscopy

|September 12, 2007

Summary

Reversible Inhibition of Sperm Under Guidance (RISUG) is a novel injectable male contraceptive. It causes sperm membrane disintegration, offering a potential new birth control option.

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Quantitative Hardness Measurement by Instrumented AFM-indentation

Quantitative Hardness Measurement by Instrumented AFM-indentation

Published on: November 22, 2016

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Last Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Atomic Force Microscopy Cantilever-Based Nanoindentation: Mechanical Property Measurements at the Nanoscale in Air and Fluid

Atomic Force Microscopy Cantilever-Based Nanoindentation: Mechanical Property Measurements at the Nanoscale in Air and Fluid

Published on: December 2, 2022

Quantitative Hardness Measurement by Instrumented AFM-indentation

Quantitative Hardness Measurement by Instrumented AFM-indentation

Published on: November 22, 2016

Area of Science:

Reproductive Biology
Biomaterials Science
Nanotechnology

Background:

A novel male contraceptive, Reversible Inhibition of Sperm Under Guidance (RISUG), has been developed.
RISUG is a bioactive polymer injected into the vas deferens via a no-scalpel technique.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantitatively analyze the micro-structural properties of human spermatozoa exposed to RISUG in vitro.
To identify key parameters quantifying morphological changes in sperm cells.

Main Methods:

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to analyze sperm morphology.
Quantitative analysis included amplitude and spatial roughness parameters.
Principal component analysis (PCA) and power spectral analysis were employed.

Main Results:

RISUG induces surface charge imbalance, leading to sperm membrane destabilization and disintegration.
AFM revealed significant morphological changes in RISUG-treated spermatozoa.
PCA classified sperm cells based on morphological variations.

Conclusions:

RISUG effectively disrupts sperm structure at the micro-level.
AFM and PCA provide quantitative insights into RISUG's contraceptive mechanism.
RISUG demonstrates potential as a reversible male contraceptive.