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Related Experiment Videos

Inside, outside, upside down: damage-associated molecular-pattern molecules (DAMPs) and redox.

Anna Rubartelli1, Michael T Lotze

  • 1Cell Biology Unit, National Cancer Research Institute, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy. anna.rubartelli@istge.it

Trends in Immunology
|September 12, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are released from injured cells, and their oxidation outside the cell can promote acute and chronic inflammation. Understanding DAMP oxidation is key to developing new therapies for inflammatory diseases.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Immune responses are triggered by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs).
  • DAMPs are typically intracellular proteins released upon cell damage or death.
  • Extracellular conditions can alter DAMP structure and function, potentially leading to inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the consequences of DAMP oxidation on acute inflammation.
  • To explore how DAMPs might evade oxidation and promote pathology.
  • To propose a role for DAMPs and redox environment in chronic inflammatory diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and theoretical discussion.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms of DAMP release and function.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Exploration of redox biology in the context of inflammation.

    • Main Results:

    • DAMP oxidation outside the cell can lead to functional denaturation.
    • DAMPs may adopt conformations or alter the extracellular redox environment to avoid inactivation.
    • Oxidized DAMPs can promote acute and chronic inflammation, including autoimmunity, viral infections, and cancer.

    Conclusions:

    • DAMP oxidation significantly impacts the outcome of acute inflammation.
    • Persistent DAMP release and function, coupled with a disordered redox environment, likely mediate chronic inflammatory conditions.
    • Targeting DAMPs and redox balance may offer therapeutic strategies for inflammatory diseases.