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Related Concept Videos

Mechanism of Angiogenesis01:10

Mechanism of Angiogenesis

Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...
Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...
The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Monitoring Functionality and Morphology of Vasculature Recruited by Factors Secreted by Fast-growing Tumor-generating Cells
09:03

Monitoring Functionality and Morphology of Vasculature Recruited by Factors Secreted by Fast-growing Tumor-generating Cells

Published on: November 23, 2014

[Angiogenesis and breast cancer].

Thomas Bachelot1, Isabelle Ray-Coquard, Philippe Cassier

  • 1Centre Léon Bérard, Département de Médecine, 28, rue Laennec, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08. bachelot@lyon.fnclcc.fr

Bulletin Du Cancer
|September 13, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Breast cancer growth relies on new blood vessel formation (angiogenesis). Targeting diverse angiogenic pathways and selecting patients better may improve treatment outcomes beyond current anti-angiogenic therapies.

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Last Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Monitoring Functionality and Morphology of Vasculature Recruited by Factors Secreted by Fast-growing Tumor-generating Cells
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Published on: November 23, 2014

A Matrigel-Based Tube Formation Assay to Assess the Vasculogenic Activity of Tumor Cells
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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research

Context:

  • Tumor growth, including breast cancer, is angiogenesis-dependent.
  • Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is crucial in early-stage angiogenesis.
  • Other pathways drive progressive and metastatic disease.

Purpose:

  • To review the critical role of angiogenesis in breast cancer.
  • To summarize major biological and clinical data on breast cancer angiogenesis.
  • To examine clinical studies on anti-angiogenic therapies in breast cancer.

Summary:

  • Breast cancer growth depends on angiogenesis, with VEGF prominent early on.
  • Heterogeneous angiogenic mechanisms contribute to tumor progression and metastasis.
  • Bevacizumab's limited success in breast cancer may stem from complex angiogenesis.

Impact:

  • Suggests new therapeutic strategies targeting diverse angiogenic pathways.
  • Highlights the need for improved patient selection for anti-angiogenic treatments.
  • Informs future research on overcoming resistance to angiogenesis inhibitors in breast cancer.