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Related Concept Videos

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lead Control01:24

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lead Control

Phase-lead controllers are commonly used in various control systems to enhance response speed and stability. Adjusting the brightness on a television screen offers a practical example of phase-lead control. When contrast is enhanced, a phase-lead controller is employed. Mathematically, phase-lead control is identified when the first parameter is smaller than the second.
The design of phase-lead control involves the strategic placement of poles and zeros to balance steady-state error and system...
Reconstruction of Signal using Interpolation01:10

Reconstruction of Signal using Interpolation

Signal processing techniques are essential for accurately converting continuous signals to digital formats and vice versa. When a continuous signal is sampled with a period T, the resulting sampled signal exhibits replicas of the original spectrum in the frequency domain, spaced at intervals equal to the sampling frequency. To handle this sampled signal, a zero-order hold method can be applied, which creates a piecewise constant signal by retaining each sample's value until the next sampling...
Phase-lead and Phase-lag Controllers01:22

Phase-lead and Phase-lag Controllers

Understanding the working function of different types of controllers can be illustrated with practical analogies, such as adjusting a stereo's volume equalizer. Cranking up the bass involves a phase-lead controller, which functions as a high-pass filter, while increasing the treble uses a phase-lag controller, which acts as a low-pass filter. PD controllers, similar to high-pass filters, enhance the system's response to high-frequency components. PI controllers, akin to low-pass filters, manage...
State Space to Transfer Function01:21

State Space to Transfer Function

The conversion of state-space representation to a transfer function is a fundamental process in system analysis. It provides a method for transitioning from a time-domain description to a frequency-domain representation, which is crucial for simplifying the analysis and design of control systems.
The transformation process begins with the state-space representation, characterized by the state equation and the output equation. These equations are typically represented as:
Inverse z-Transform by Partial Fraction Expansion01:20

Inverse z-Transform by Partial Fraction Expansion

The inverse z-transform is a crucial technique for converting a function from its z-domain representation back to the time domain. One effective method for finding the inverse z-transform is the Partial Fraction Method, which involves decomposing a function into simpler fractions with distinct coefficients. These fractions correspond to known z-transform pairs, facilitating the inverse transformation process.
To begin the process, the poles of the function are identified and the function is...
Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lag Control01:21

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lag Control

Phase-lag controllers are widely used in control systems to improve stability and reduce steady-state errors. A dimmer switch controlling the brightness of a light bulb serves as a practical example of phase-lag control, gradually adjusting the bulb's brightness. Mathematically, phase-lag control or low-pass filtering is represented when the factor 'a' is less than 1.
Phase-lag controllers do not place a pole at zero, but instead influence the steady-state error by amplifying any finite,...

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Related Experiment Video

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Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator
08:39

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Published on: January 28, 2019

Adaptive phase-input joint transform correlator.

Victor H Diaz-Ramirez1, Vitaly Kober

  • 1Department of Computer Science, CICESE, Enseneda B.C., Mexico. vhdiaz@cicese.mx

Applied Optics
|September 12, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces an adaptive phase-input joint transform correlator for reliable pattern recognition. The system effectively detects targets and their distorted versions in cluttered scenes, outperforming existing methods.

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Area of Science:

  • Optoelectronics and Photonics
  • Image Processing
  • Pattern Recognition

Background:

  • Joint transform correlators (JTCs) are widely used for pattern recognition.
  • Phase-only JTCs offer advantages in optical implementation.
  • Adaptive algorithms are needed to improve JTC performance under varying conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present an adaptive phase-input joint transform correlator (JTC) for enhanced pattern recognition.
  • To develop a novel iterative algorithm for generating phase-only synthetic discriminant functions (SDFs) considering optoelectronic calibration.
  • To evaluate the performance of the proposed adaptive JTC against existing JTCs.

Main Methods:

  • Development of an adaptive phase-input JTC system.
  • Generation of reference images using a new iterative algorithm with phase-only SDFs and calibration lookup tables.
  • Computer simulations comparing the adaptive JTC with existing JTCs for discrimination, noise tolerance, and distortion tolerance.
  • Experimental validation using optodigital JTC results.

Main Results:

  • The adaptive phase-input JTC reliably detects targets and their distorted versions in cluttered backgrounds.
  • Simulations demonstrate superior discrimination capability and tolerance to noise and geometric distortions compared to existing JTCs.
  • Experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive JTC.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed adaptive phase-input JTC offers robust pattern recognition capabilities.
  • The novel iterative algorithm for phase-only SDFs enhances system performance by incorporating calibration data.
  • The adaptive JTC is a promising approach for real-world pattern recognition applications.