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Selective mutism. A school-based cross-sectional study from Turkey.

I Karakaya1, S G Sişmanlar, O Y Oç

  • 1Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kocaeli University Medical School, Derince-Izmit, Kocaeli, Turkey. karakaya73@yahoo.com

European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
|September 12, 2007
PubMed
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This study investigated selective mutism (SM) in Kocaeli, Turkey, finding a prevalence of 0.033% after clinical evaluation. Teachers initially identified 0.83% of students exhibiting SM symptoms.

Area of Science:

  • Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Pediatric Epidemiology

Background:

  • Selective Mutism (SM) is an anxiety disorder characterized by a child's inability to speak in specific social situations.
  • Prevalence rates of SM vary significantly across different populations and geographical regions.
  • Accurate epidemiological data is crucial for understanding the scope of SM and planning interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of Selective Mutism (SM) among primary school children in Kocaeli, Turkey.
  • To assess the accuracy of teacher-based screening for identifying potential SM cases.
  • To provide baseline data for future research and clinical services in the region.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving public and private schools in Kocaeli, Turkey.

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  • DSM-IV based screening forms were distributed to classroom teachers for initial symptom identification.
  • Children identified by teachers underwent clinical evaluation by a child and adolescent psychiatrist for definitive diagnosis.

    • Main Results:

    • A total of 64,103 children from 84.51% of schools participated.
    • Teachers identified 526 children (0.83%) with suspected SM symptoms.
    • Clinical evaluation confirmed SM in 21 children, resulting in a prevalence rate of 0.033%.

    Conclusions:

    • The clinical prevalence of Selective Mutism in Kocaeli, Turkey, is low (0.033%).
    • Teacher-based screening can identify potential cases, but clinical evaluation is essential for accurate diagnosis.
    • Further research is needed to explore factors influencing SM prevalence in diverse cultural contexts.