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Personality correlates of intelligence in a clinical group
1Westfalen Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, FRG.
Psychological Reports
|December 1, 1991
Summary
Introverts outperformed extraverts on intelligence tests, particularly verbal subtests. Low social conformity and low lie scores correlated with higher overall intelligence, especially verbal IQ.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Psychometrics
- Clinical Psychology
Background:
- Personality traits and cognitive abilities are key areas of psychological research.
- Understanding the interplay between personality and intelligence is crucial for various applications, including clinical assessment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between personality dimensions and intelligence test performance in psychiatric patients.
- To explore how introversion-extraversion, psychoticism, and social conformity relate to cognitive functioning.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a reduced version of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) for intelligence assessment.
- Employed the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) to measure personality traits.
- Conducted a 2-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) to analyze the data from 84 psychiatric patients.
Main Results:
- Introverts scored higher than extraverts on most WAIS scales, with significant differences in Information and Similarities subtests.
- A significant main effect for Social Conformity indicated that low scorers achieved higher scores across all subscales, particularly Verbal IQ.
- Interactions between Psychoticism and Lie scores were observed for verbal subscales, with high social conformity and high psychoticism linked to lower scores in sensory associative intelligence.
Conclusions:
- Personality traits, specifically introversion and social conformity, significantly influence intelligence test performance in psychiatric populations.
- The findings suggest a complex interaction between personality dimensions and cognitive abilities, offering insights into competing theories of personality and intelligence.