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Appendicitis

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Application of Laparoscopic Partial Splenectomy with Total Blood Flow Occlusion in Benign Splenic Lesions

Application of Laparoscopic Partial Splenectomy with Total Blood Flow Occlusion in Benign Splenic Lesions

Published on: December 20, 2024

Infarcted ectopic spleen presenting as retroperitoneal mass.

Hoda Zeinab Amer¹, Channing Chin, Kevin Clarke

¹Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey--New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07101, USA.

Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology

|September 13, 2007

Summary

Ectopic spleen, a rare condition with a long pedicle, can lead to splenic infarction. This case highlights a 26-year-old female with an infarcted ectopic spleen presenting as a lower abdominal mass.

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Last Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Application of Laparoscopic Partial Splenectomy with Total Blood Flow Occlusion in Benign Splenic Lesions

Application of Laparoscopic Partial Splenectomy with Total Blood Flow Occlusion in Benign Splenic Lesions

Published on: December 20, 2024

Area of Science:

Surgical Case Report
Abdominal Imaging
Gastrointestinal Surgery

Background:

Wandering spleen (ectopic spleen) is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by an abnormally long splenic pedicle.
This anatomical variation predisposes the spleen to torsion, infarction, and acute abdominal symptoms.
The condition has a wide age incidence but shows a female predominance between the third and fifth decades.

Observation:

A 26-year-old female presented with symptoms suggestive of an acute abdomen.
Initial computed tomography scan revealed a retroperitoneal mass.
Surgical exploration identified an infarcted ectopic spleen located in the lower abdomen.

Findings:

The patient was diagnosed with an infarcted ectopic spleen.
The spleen's abnormal position and long pedicle were confirmed.
The presentation mimicked a retroperitoneal mass, leading to diagnostic challenges.

Implications:

Minimally invasive gynecologic surgeons should consider ectopic spleen in the differential diagnosis of lower abdominal masses.
Awareness of this rare entity is crucial for accurate diagnosis and appropriate surgical management.
Prompt recognition can prevent complications associated with splenic torsion and infarction.