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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Eye Tracking Young Children with Autism
09:03

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Published on: March 27, 2012

Joint attention development in toddlers with autism.

Fabiënne Naber1, Marian J Bakermans-Kranenburg, Marinus H van Ijzendoorn

  • 1Centre of Child and Family Studies, Leiden University, PB 9555, 2300 RB Leiden, The Netherlands. Fnaber@fsw.leidenuniv.nl

European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
|September 13, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) show early deficits in Joint Attention (JA). While JA levels improve by 42 months, Joint Visual Attention (JVA) remains a consistent early indicator for ASD.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Pediatric Psychiatry

Background:

  • Deficits in Joint Attention (JA) are recognized as potential early indicators of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD).
  • Understanding the developmental trajectory of JA behaviors is crucial for early identification and intervention in ASD.
  • Longitudinal studies tracking JA in early childhood are essential for refining diagnostic criteria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the developmental patterns of various Joint Attention (JA) behaviors in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) from 24 to 42 months.
  • To determine if specific JA behaviors are consistently associated with ASD characteristics over time.
  • To evaluate the potential of Joint Visual Attention (JVA) as a core component for early ASD screening.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal study design tracking 11 children with ASD, 10 with other developmental disorders, and 8 typically developing children.
  • Assessment of multiple JA behaviors (Basic Joint Attention, Associated Joint Attention, Joint Visual Attention) at 24 and 42 months of age.
  • Correlational analysis of JA behaviors with developmental level and autistic symptom severity at both time points.

Main Results:

  • Children with ASD exhibited significantly lower JA at 24 months compared to control groups.
  • At 24 months, JA behaviors correlated with developmental level and autistic traits, but these associations disappeared by 42 months.
  • Consistent differences between children with ASD and other groups were observed only in Joint Visual Attention (JVA) at both ages.

Conclusions:

  • While overall JA may improve in children with ASD by 42 months, Joint Visual Attention (JVA) remains a distinct and persistent area of difference.
  • JVA shows potential as a reliable early screening marker for Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD).
  • Further research validating JVA's role in early ASD detection is warranted.