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Related Concept Videos

Cytoskeletal Linker Proteins - Plakins01:09

Cytoskeletal Linker Proteins - Plakins

Plakins are large proteins with binding domains for microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and membrane-associated protein complexes at cell junctions. Plakin functions are evolutionarily conserved and are primarily involved in organizing the different components of the cytoskeleton by crosslinking them to each other and connecting them to the cell-matrix and cell adhesion complexes. They are also known to interact with signal transducers, serve as scaffolds for signaling...
Actin Polymerization and Cell Motility01:13

Actin Polymerization and Cell Motility

Actin is a family of globular proteins that are highly abundant in eukaryotic cells. It makes up approximately 1-5% of total cell protein concentration. Actin monomers polymerize to form a complex network of polarized filaments, the actin cytoskeleton, that plays a crucial role in many cellular processes, including cell motility, division, endocytosis, and metastasis of cancer cells.
Actin cytoskeleton dynamics can produce pushing, pulling, and resistance forces that help the cell to migrate.
The Sarcomere01:08

The Sarcomere

A sarcomere is a microscopic segment repeating in a myofibril. The sarcomere fundamentally consists of two main myofilaments: thick filaments called myosin and thin filaments called actin. These filaments interact by sliding past each other in response to stimulus. In addition to myosin and actin, several other proteins, such as tropomyosin, troponin, titin, nebulin, myomesin, α-actinin, and dystrophin, play crucial roles in regulating, structuring, and functioning of the sarcomere.
Each myosin...
Satellite Stem Cells and Muscular Dystrophy01:21

Satellite Stem Cells and Muscular Dystrophy

Satellite stem cells or myosatellite cells are quiescent stem cells that Alexander Mauro first identified in 1961. These cells are located between the sarcolemma, the plasma membrane of muscle fibers, and the basal lamina, the connective tissue sheath covering it. These mononucleated cells are activated in response to muscle injury, can transform into myoblasts, and may form or repair muscle fibers. Myosatellite cells can provide additional myonuclei for muscle regeneration or return to a...
Anaphase Promoting Complex00:50

Anaphase Promoting Complex

The stepwise destruction of specific proteins is necessary for the progression and completion of the cell cycle. Such proteins are ubiquitinated by ubiquitin ligases and then subsequently destroyed by the proteasome. The SCF (Skp1/Cullin/F-box) and the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) are two important ubiquitin ligases involved in cell cycle progression. While SCF is active throughout the cell cycle, APC gets activated during metaphase to anaphase transition. Cdc20 or Cdh1 binds to APC and...
Cytoskeletal Proteins in Bacteria01:29

Cytoskeletal Proteins in Bacteria

Bacterial cells were initially considered simple, randomly organized structures lacking a cytoskeleton. However, the discovery of cytoskeleton homologs in bacteria led to the change of this opinion. Bacterial cytoskeletal filaments regulate the cell shape, cell polarity, cell division, and partitioning of plasmids during cell division. It was later discovered that bacterial cytoskeletal proteins, mainly actin and tubulin homologs, are diverse compared to their eukaryotic counterparts. On the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Rapid Genotyping of Animals Followed by Establishing Primary Cultures of Brain Neurons
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Published on: January 29, 2015

Dystonin/Bpag1--a link to what?

Kevin G Young1, Rashmi Kothary

  • 1Ottawa Health Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8L6 Canada.

Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton
|September 13, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Dystonin, a protein crucial for cell structure, is linked to a movement disorder in mice due to sensory neuron degeneration. Understanding dystonin

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Dystonin/Bpag1 proteins are vital for cytoarchitecture integrity in skin and neuromuscular systems.
  • Dystonia musculorum (dt) mutant mice exhibit a severe movement disorder linked to sensory neuron degeneration.
  • The precise molecular mechanisms causing this neurodegeneration in dt mice remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the roles of dystonin in neuronal function and survival.
  • To clarify the molecular basis of the movement disorder in dystonia musculorum mice.
  • To understand common mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of dystonin mutant mice (dystonia musculorum).
  • Investigation of cytoskeletal interactions.

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Using Drosophila Larval Neuromuscular Junction and Muscle Cells to Visualize Microtubule Network
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Implantation of Osmotic Pumps and Induction of Stress to Establish a Symptomatic, Pharmacological Mouse Model for DYT/PARK-ATP1A3 Dystonia
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Implantation of Osmotic Pumps and Induction of Stress to Establish a Symptomatic, Pharmacological Mouse Model for DYT/PARK-ATP1A3 Dystonia

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Using Drosophila Larval Neuromuscular Junction and Muscle Cells to Visualize Microtubule Network

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  • Studies on neuronal degeneration pathways.

    • Main Results:

    • Dystonin plays a critical role in sensory neuron survival.
    • Loss of dystonin function leads to neurodegeneration and movement defects.
    • The evolving understanding of dystonin highlights its complex functions.

    Conclusions:

    • Dystonin is essential for maintaining sensory neuron integrity.
    • Further research into dystonin's neuronal functions can illuminate neurodegenerative processes.
    • Understanding dystonin is key to unraveling the pathology of dystonia musculorum.