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Related Concept Videos

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
Seizures: Classification01:13

Seizures: Classification

Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
Seizures l: Introduction01:20

Seizures l: Introduction

Understanding seizures and epilepsy relies on key definitions that help in recognizing, classifying, and managing these disorders. These definitions provide a framework for recognizing, classifying, and managing seizure disorders.DefinitionsA seizure is a sudden, abnormal burst of electrical activity in the brain that can cause changes in awareness, movement, sensation, or behavior, depending on the area involved. Epilepsy is a chronic condition characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures,...
Epilepsy ll: Types01:22

Epilepsy ll: Types

Recurrent seizures, stemming from abnormal electrical activity in the brain, are the defining characteristic of epilepsy, a chronic neurological condition. Because seizure features vary greatly, epilepsy is classified using two systems: by seizure type and by epilepsy syndromes. These classifications enable clinicians to describe seizure patterns and select suitable treatment strategies.I. Classification by Seizure Type1. Focal EpilepsyFocal epilepsy begins in one hemisphere of the brain.
Seizures ll: Types01:19

Seizures ll: Types

Seizures are sudden bursts of abnormal electrical discharge in the brain that interfere with normal function. They are commonly divided into three groups: focal seizures, generalized seizures, and other types that do not fit neatly into either category.Focal SeizuresFocal seizures begin in a single brain region. When awareness is preserved, they are called focal aware seizures and may cause sensations such as tingling, unusual smells, or flashing lights. When awareness is impaired, they are...
Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists01:14

Antiepileptic Drugs: Glutamate Antagonists

Glutamate is a fundamental neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, playing a vital role in neuronal communication and various cognitive processes. Glutamate stands as the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. Its presence is crucial for the communication between neurons, underpinning essential processes such as synaptic transmission, neuronal excitability, and plasticity. These functions are vital for higher-order cognitive processes, including learning and memory. The...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Electromagnetic Source Imaging in Presurgical Evaluation of Children with Drug-Resistant Epilepsy
09:57

Electromagnetic Source Imaging in Presurgical Evaluation of Children with Drug-Resistant Epilepsy

Published on: September 20, 2024

Can insulinoma cause generalised epilepsy?

A Blasetti1, L Di Pietro, G di Corcia

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, Italy.

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism : JPEM
|September 14, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Insulinoma, a tumor causing seizures via hypoglycemia, can lead to persistent epilepsy even after surgical removal. This case highlights the need for considering insulinoma in seizure diagnostics.

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Electrophoretic Delivery of γ-aminobutyric Acid (GABA) into Epileptic Focus Prevents Seizures in Mice
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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Neurology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Insulinoma is a neuroendocrine tumor of the pancreas that secretes excess insulin.
  • Recurrent hypoglycemia is a common manifestation of insulinoma, often presenting with seizures.
  • Surgical resection is the standard treatment for insulinoma, typically resolving hypoglycemic episodes and seizures.

Observation:

  • A previously healthy 17-year-old female developed epilepsy following the onset of insulinoma.
  • Despite successful surgical removal of the insulinoma, the patient experienced persistent seizures.
  • This case presents an unusual course where epilepsy persisted after metabolic normalization.

Findings:

  • Insulinoma can be a significant cause of seizures, particularly in cases of recurrent hypoglycemia.
  • Epilepsy may persist even after the successful surgical treatment and metabolic correction of insulinoma.
  • The long-term neurological sequelae of insulinoma-induced hypoglycemia warrant further investigation.

Implications:

  • Insulinoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of unexplained seizures and epilepsy.
  • The potential for developing persistent epilepsy after insulinoma necessitates long-term neurological monitoring.
  • This case underscores the complex relationship between metabolic disorders and neurological conditions like epilepsy.