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Generation of Escape Variants of Neutralizing Influenza Virus Monoclonal Antibodies

Generation of Escape Variants of Neutralizing Influenza Virus Monoclonal Antibodies

Published on: August 29, 2017

Bluetongue virus serotype 17 sequence variation associated with neutralization.

William C Wilson¹, Kristen A Bernard, Babara A Israel

¹Arthropod-Borne Animal Diseases Research Laboratory, USDA, ARS, Laramie, WY 82071, USA. william.wilson@ars.usda.gov

DNA Sequence : the Journal of DNA Sequencing and Mapping

|September 14, 2007

Summary

Bluetongue virus (BTV) populations with distinct neutralization traits co-exist. Genetic analysis of the VP2 protein (L2 gene) reveals conserved differences linked to neutralization escape.

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Area of Science:

Virology
Immunology
Molecular Biology

Background:

Bluetongue virus (BTV) is a significant insect-transmitted orbivirus affecting livestock.
The VP2 protein, encoded by the L2 gene, contains key neutralizing epitopes.
Previous studies identified amino acid differences between neutralized and non-neutralized BTV-17 strains.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the conservation of genetic differences in BTV-17 strains.
To analyze the VP5 protein for its role in BTV neutralization.
To identify specific amino acid changes in neutralization escape mutants.

Main Methods:

Sequencing of L2 genes from eight BTV-17 strains.
Comparative analysis of deduced amino acid sequences for VP2 and VP5 proteins.
Determination of L2 sequences from five MAb neutralization escape mutants.

Main Results:

91% of previously identified amino acid changes in L2 were conserved within neutralized and non-neutralized BTV-17 groups.
No consistent VP5 sequence variations were found between the groups.
Mutants showed 1-3 amino acid changes near a variable region, indicating critical neutralization sites.

Conclusions:

Two distinct BTV-17 populations with differing neutralization characteristics co-circulate geographically.
Amino acid changes in VP2 are crucial for BTV neutralization and potentially virulence.
This study provides the first evidence of co-circulating, distinct BTV neutralization populations.