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Dementia is an acquired, progressive syndrome characterized by a decline in multiple cognitive domains severe enough to impair daily functioning and reduce independence. Although memory loss is a central feature, the diagnosis requires additional deficits involving language, executive function, visuospatial skills, judgment, calculation, or abstract reasoning. These cognitive impairments reflect underlying neurodegenerative or vascular processes that gradually disrupt neuronal networks...
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Related Experiment Video

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Abbiategrasso Brain Bank Protocol for Collecting, Processing and Characterizing Aging Brains
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Behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia: not all it seems?

C M Kipps1, P J Nestor, T D Fryer

  • 1Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.

Neurocase
|September 14, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Diagnosing behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is difficult. This study shows some patients meeting bvFTD criteria may not have neurodegenerative disease, suggesting a need to refine diagnostic approaches.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroimaging
  • Neuropsychology

Background:

  • Diagnosing behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) presents diagnostic challenges.
  • Prospective studies validating diagnostic criteria against long-term outcomes, particularly differentiating true positives from false positives, are limited.

Observation:

  • Two individuals meeting current bvFTD diagnostic criteria underwent long-term clinical, neuropsychological, and neuroimaging follow-up.
  • Serial volumetric MRI and FDG-PET scans were performed over five years.

Findings:

  • One patient exhibited progressive frontotemporal atrophy and hypometabolism, consistent with neurodegenerative frontotemporal dementia (FTD).
  • The second patient remained clinically stable with no evidence of atrophy or hypometabolism a decade after symptom onset.

Implications:

  • These cases suggest that some individuals meeting current bvFTD criteria may not have a neurodegenerative syndrome.
  • This finding has significant implications for refining diagnostic criteria and potentially establishing a hierarchy for diagnostic certainty in bvFTD.