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The evolution of dispersal in reserve networks.

Marissa L Baskett1, Joshua S Weitz, Simon A Levin

  • 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA. mbaskett@nceas.ucsb.edu

The American Naturalist
|September 15, 2007
PubMed
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Habitat fragmentation generally favors reduced dispersal, especially in marine systems. However, increased dispersal may evolve under specific conditions like temporal variability and harvesting outside protected areas.

Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Conservation Science

Background:

  • Habitat fragmentation creates distinct developed and protected zones.
  • This fragmentation can alter selection pressures on dispersal behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To theoretically investigate how habitat fragmentation influences the evolution of dispersal.
  • To examine two specific cases: marine planktonic larval duration and general offspring dispersal proportions.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling of selection pressure on dispersal.
  • Analysis of two distinct scenarios: marine systems and general dispersal.

Main Results:

  • Habitat fragmentation typically selects for reduced dispersal, particularly when non-reserve areas are uninhabitable.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Increased dispersal may evolve under temporal heterogeneity and constant-quota harvesting outside reserves.
  • Fragmentation can alter genetic variability related to dispersal traits.

    • Conclusions:

    • Evolutionary changes in dispersal due to fragmentation depend on genetic/environmental factors and human impacts.
    • Findings may inform marine reserve design for conservation and fisheries management.