Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Nails

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Nails

Nails are one of the important accessory structures of the skin. They are hard, protective structures that cover the dorsal surface of the distal phalanges of fingers and toes. Nails are composed of specialized keratinized cells and serve various functions, including protection, sensation, and manual dexterity.
The main components of a nail include the following.
Nail Plate: The nail plate is the visible portion of the nail that extends beyond the fingertips or toes. It is a hard, translucent...

Necrosis

Necrosis

Necrosis is considered as an “accidental” or unexpected form of cell death that ends in cell lysis. The first noticeable mention of “necrosis” was in 1859 when Rudolf Virchow used this term to describe advanced tissue breakdown in his compilation titled “Cell Pathology”.
Morphological Manifestations of Necrosis
Necrotic cells show different types of morphological appearance depending on the type of tissue and infection. In coagulative necrosis, cells become anucleated and die, but their...

Moment of a Force: Problem Solving

Moment of a Force: Problem Solving

Understanding the scalar formulation of the moment of a force and applying it correctly through problem-solving is crucial in designing and analyzing mechanical systems. Here are the steps for problem-solving with the moment of a force:

Cellular Injury IV: Necrosis

Cellular Injury IV: Necrosis

Necrosis is a form of irreversible cell death caused by severe injury such as ischemia, toxins, or trauma. Unlike programmed cell death, it is an uncontrolled, pathological process that typically provokes inflammation in surrounding tissues.Pathophysiologic ChangesNecrosis begins when cells sustain critical damage, leading to swelling of organelles, particularly mitochondria, and rapid ATP depletion. As energy levels decline, membrane ion pumps fail, leading to calcium influx and eventually,...

Cells of the Epidermis

Cells of the Epidermis

The epidermis is made of four or five layers of epithelial cells, depending on its location in the body. From deep to superficial, these layers are the stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum.
The cells in all these layers except the stratum basale are called keratinocytes, a type of cell that manufactures and stores the protein keratin. The keratinocytes in the stratum corneum are dead and regularly slough away, being replaced by cells from...

Acid Attack on Concrete

Acid Attack on Concrete

When acids come into contact with concrete, they initiate a chemical reaction that dissolves the hydrated cement paste. This process leads to softening and structural weakening of the concrete. This issue is commonly observed in environments such as chimneys, sewers, and industrial settings. The severity of the damage increases as the pH of the water interacting with the concrete drops below 6.5. In particular, a pH under 4.5 can cause significant concrete damage.
The rate at which hydrogen...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Clinical versus Histological Assessment of Basal Cell Carcinoma Subtype and Thickness of Tumours Selected for Photodynamic Therapy.

Acta dermato-venereologica·2024

Same author

New, simplified versus standard photodynamic therapy (PDT) regimen for superficial and nodular basal cell carcinoma (BCC): A single-blind, non-inferiority, randomised controlled multicentre study.

PloS one·2024

Same author

Clinical Suspicion Sensitivity of Nodular and Superficial Spreading Melanoma.

Acta dermato-venereologica·2021

Same author

Contact allergy in patients with chronic venous leg ulcers.

Contact dermatitis·2020

Same author

Genome-wide association meta-analyses combining multiple risk phenotypes provide insights into the genetic architecture of cutaneous melanoma susceptibility.

Nature genetics·2020

Same author

Ablative Fractional Laser-assisted Daylight Photodynamic Therapy for Actinic Keratoses of the Scalp and Forehead in Organ Transplant Recipients: A Pilot Study.

Acta dermato-venereologica·2019

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

An Intramedullary Locking Nail for Standardized Fixation of Femur Osteotomies to Analyze Normal and Defective Bone Healing in Mice

An Intramedullary Locking Nail for Standardized Fixation of Femur Osteotomies to Analyze Normal and Defective Bone Healing in Mice

Published on: November 13, 2016

Onycholysis induced by nail hardener.

Per Helsing¹, Joar Austad, Hans Jørgen Talberg

¹Department of Dermatology, Rikshospitalet University Hospital, 0027 Oslo, Norway. per.helsing@rikshospitalet.no

Contact Dermatitis

|September 18, 2007

Summary

Nail hardeners containing formaldehyde, introduced in the 1960s, can cause adverse reactions. These include onycholysis, nail discoloration, bleeding, and skin inflammation around the nails.

Area of Science:

Dermatology
Cosmetic Science

Background:

Nail hardeners, initially formaldehyde solutions, emerged in the 1960s.
The cosmetic industry introduced nail hardeners to improve nail strength and appearance.

Observation:

Adverse effects associated with nail hardeners were first documented in 1966.
Reported reactions include onycholysis, chromonychia, subungual hemorrhage, and hyperkeratosis.

Findings:

Onycholysis, a nail separation, can manifest as inflammatory or non-inflammatory, often with pain.
Inflammatory reactions may lead to paronychia and dermatitis affecting the digital pulp.

Implications:

Highlights the potential dermatological risks of formaldehyde-based nail hardeners.

More Related Videos

Non-Invasive Visualization of Nailbed Microvascular Morphology in Mice Using Capillaroscopy

Non-Invasive Visualization of Nailbed Microvascular Morphology in Mice Using Capillaroscopy

Published on: February 28, 2025

A Standardized Acupotomy Protocol For The Treatment of Tenosynovitis of Hand Flexor Tendons In Human Patients

A Standardized Acupotomy Protocol For The Treatment of Tenosynovitis of Hand Flexor Tendons In Human Patients

Published on: May 26, 2026

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 11, 2026

An Intramedullary Locking Nail for Standardized Fixation of Femur Osteotomies to Analyze Normal and Defective Bone Healing in Mice

An Intramedullary Locking Nail for Standardized Fixation of Femur Osteotomies to Analyze Normal and Defective Bone Healing in Mice

Published on: November 13, 2016

Non-Invasive Visualization of Nailbed Microvascular Morphology in Mice Using Capillaroscopy

Non-Invasive Visualization of Nailbed Microvascular Morphology in Mice Using Capillaroscopy

Published on: February 28, 2025

A Standardized Acupotomy Protocol For The Treatment of Tenosynovitis of Hand Flexor Tendons In Human Patients

A Standardized Acupotomy Protocol For The Treatment of Tenosynovitis of Hand Flexor Tendons In Human Patients

Published on: May 26, 2026

Informs consumers and manufacturers about adverse effects, necessitating safer formulation development.