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Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults
Shannon B Moss1, Rajasree Nair, Anthony Vallarino
1Baylor Family Medicine Residency at Garland, 601 Clara Barton Boulevard, Suite 340, Garland, TX 75042, USA. shannomo@bayorhealth.edu
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is increasingly diagnosed in adults, affecting 1-4%. This review covers adult ADHD symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment strategies for better patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
Background:
- Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is increasingly recognized in the adult population.
- Prevalence rates for adult ADHD range from 1% to 4% globally.
- The pathophysiology is multifactorial, involving genetic, environmental, and neurobiological factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify common presenting complaints in adults with ADHD.
- To provide information for the differential diagnosis of adult ADHD.
- To present pharmacological and nonpharmacological intervention strategies.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of adult ADHD.
- Analysis of diagnostic criteria (DSM-IV-TR) and symptom presentation in adults.
- Synthesis of information on clinical presentation and treatment.
Main Results:
- Adult ADHD presents with inattention, hyperactivity, or impulsivity.
- Symptom presentation may differ developmentally from childhood ADHD.
- Effective differential diagnosis and treatment strategies are crucial.
Conclusions:
- Adult ADHD requires specific diagnostic considerations.
- Comprehensive management involves both medication and behavioral therapies.
- Early recognition and intervention improve patient prognosis.
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