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Control of cell division: a unifying hypothesis.

M J Berridge

    Journal of Cyclic Nucleotide Research
    |January 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Intracellular calcium levels regulate cell division, with cyclic AMP modulating these calcium signals to control cell growth and differentiation. This calcium hypothesis explains cell growth patterns and developmental cessation of division.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cell Biology
    • Molecular Biology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Cell division initiation is consistently linked to increased intracellular calcium.
    • Cyclic nucleotides interact with calcium, influencing cell division.
    • Cyclic AMP's role in cell division is indirect, primarily through modulating intracellular calcium levels.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore the role of intracellular calcium and cyclic nucleotides in regulating cell division.
    • To explain how calcium and cyclic AMP interactions influence cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation.
    • To propose a calcium-based hypothesis for cell division control, including cessation at confluency and during development.

    Main Methods:

    • The study is primarily theoretical, proposing a hypothesis based on existing literature and observations.

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  • It integrates findings from various cell systems, including liver, salivary glands, lymphocytes, and fibroblasts.
  • The hypothesis is supported by explaining observed growth characteristics in tissue culture and embryonic development.

    • Main Results:

    • Cyclic AMP can either augment or oppose calcium signals, affecting cell division accordingly.
    • A rise in calcium levels correlates with increased cyclic GMP and is associated with the stimulus to divide.
    • The hypothesis explains sustained exponential growth via persistent high calcium and cessation of division through rapid calcium decline mediated by cyclic AMP.

    Conclusions:

    • Intracellular calcium is a key regulator of cell division initiation and progression.
    • Cyclic AMP plays a crucial role in controlling cell division by modulating intracellular calcium levels.
    • The proposed calcium hypothesis offers a unified explanation for cell proliferation, growth cessation, and differentiation.