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Related Concept Videos

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management01:21

Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) management can be divided into two main strategies: prevention and long-term management.Primary PreventionPrimary prevention focuses on timely diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis to prevent acute rheumatic fever. The most widely used antibiotic for treating this condition is intramuscular benzathine penicillin G.Acute Rheumatic Fever TreatmentThe primary treatment goal for a patient diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever is to suppress the...
Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management01:20

Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management

AssessmentA comprehensive assessment is essential in managing a patient with rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Begin with obtaining a detailed medical history, including recent streptococcal infections, a history of rheumatic fever, or previously diagnosed rheumatic heart disease. Assess the patient for symptoms such as fever, chest pain, widespread joint pain (arthralgia), tachycardia, pericardial friction rub, muffled heart sounds, heart murmurs, peripheral edema, subcutaneous nodules, and...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.01:25

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.

Understanding the variety of primary symptoms and systemic complications that characterize chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is crucial for healthcare professionals.
Symptoms of COPD can be classified as primary or systemic. Primary symptoms relate to reduced airflow, while systemic or extrapulmonary symptoms relate to COPD's broader impact on the body.
Primary Symptoms of COPD:
Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Preliminary Study on Acupuncture Combined with Grain-sized Moxibustion for Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis with Finger Joint Pain
04:50

Preliminary Study on Acupuncture Combined with Grain-sized Moxibustion for Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis with Finger Joint Pain

Published on: May 16, 2025

Comorbidities in rheumatoid arthritis.

Kaleb Michaud1, Frederick Wolfe

  • 1University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-6270, USA. kmichaud@unmc.edu

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Rheumatology
|September 18, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients frequently experience multiple health issues beyond joint pain. Rheumatologists must consider these comorbidities for comprehensive patient care.

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Clinical Immunology

Background:

  • Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) presents with joint pain, swelling, and functional decline.
  • RA's autoimmune nature impacts multiple organ systems, leading to diverse health conditions.
  • Increased mortality in RA patients is linked to associated cardiovascular and infection events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review significant comorbidities in rheumatoid arthritis patients.
  • To discuss the prevalence of these associated health conditions.
  • To explore the relationship between RA and its comorbidities.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on rheumatoid arthritis comorbidities.
  • Analysis of prevalence data for associated health conditions.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Preliminary Study on Acupuncture Combined with Grain-sized Moxibustion for Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis with Finger Joint Pain
04:50

Preliminary Study on Acupuncture Combined with Grain-sized Moxibustion for Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis with Finger Joint Pain

Published on: May 16, 2025

  • Examination of the impact of RA on various organ systems.
  • Main Results:

    • RA patients commonly have two or more comorbid conditions.
    • Cardiovascular issues and infections are frequently observed comorbidities.
    • RA affects nearly all organ systems, contributing to a wide range of health problems.

    Conclusions:

    • Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with numerous comorbidities impacting overall health.
    • Understanding and managing comorbidities is crucial for rheumatologists.
    • Comprehensive patient care requires addressing the multifaceted health burden of RA.