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Four variables affecting magnitude of dentrifice abrasiveness
Journal of Dental Research
|May 1, 1976
Summary
Toothbrush hardness significantly impacts dentin abrasion, causing more wear than abrasives. Dentifrice abrasiveness is highly dependent on testing conditions, with no single method being universally suitable.
Area of Science:
- Dental materials science
- Tribology
- Biomaterials engineering
Background:
- Dentin abrasion is a critical factor in dental erosion and wear.
- Understanding the variables influencing dentin abrasion is essential for developing effective oral care products.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of various factors on human dentin abrasion.
- To determine the influence of toothbrush characteristics, abrasives, and formulation on wear.
Main Methods:
- A five-factor study examined dentin abrasion using different abrasives, brush brands, hardnesses, concentrations, and temperatures.
- A second study investigated hardness, abrasives, diluents, and concentrations in dentifrice formulations.
- Wear was quantified under controlled laboratory conditions.
Main Results:
- Hard toothbrushes caused 3.6 times more wear than soft brushes, a greater effect than abrasive type.
- Testing at 37°C reduced abrasiveness by 28% compared to room temperature.
- Diluting dentifrices from 100% to 50% more than doubled abrasiveness, an effect not seen with abrasives alone.
- Glycerine significantly inhibited abrasion (88%) compared to saliva and CMC diluents.
Conclusions:
- Toothbrush hardness and testing temperature significantly influence dentin abrasion.
- Dentifrice formulation, particularly concentration and diluents, plays a crucial role in its abrasiveness.
- The abrasiveness of dentifrices is highly dependent on testing conditions, necessitating careful consideration for evaluation.
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