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Related Concept Videos

Fluid Connective Tissues: Blood and Lymph01:20

Fluid Connective Tissues: Blood and Lymph

Blood and lymph are fluid connective tissues. They contain cells, also known as formed elements, circulating in a liquid extracellular matrix, the plasma. The formed elements are derived from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow. Blood and lymph connect all vital parts and carry nutrients, oxygen, and other essential molecules like antibodies.
Blood
The blood flows through blood vessels— arteries, capillaries, and veins. Blood plasma is primarily made of proteins, solutes, and water.
Functions of the Lymphatic and Immune System01:28

Functions of the Lymphatic and Immune System

The lymphatic system plays a crucial role in bolstering our immune system. It consists of a network of lymphoid organs, lymph, and lymphatic vessels that provide structural and functional support in safeguarding the body against pathogens such as viruses and bacteria.
The primary lymphoid organs, including the bone marrow and the thymus, serve as the maturation sites for lymphocytes. Secondary lymphoid organs, like the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, activate these lymphocytes and serve as...
Lymphoid Cells and Tissues01:18

Lymphoid Cells and Tissues

Lymphoid cells and tissues are integral to the immune system, which is crucial in maintaining our body's defense against harmful pathogens. They form the building blocks of lymphoid organs, which include the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes.
Lymphoid cells consist of various types of immune system cells. These include B and T lymphocytes, which are responsible for producing antibodies and killing infected cells, respectively. Dendritic cells act as messengers between the innate and adaptive...
Primary Lymphoid Organs01:16

Primary Lymphoid Organs

Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
The red bone marrow is a soft, spongy tissue nestled in the interior of long bones such as the humerus and femur. It is the site...
Secondary Lymphoid Organs01:15

Secondary Lymphoid Organs

Secondary organs, including lymph nodes, the spleen, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), work harmoniously to protect us from disease and infection.
The spleen is a vital organ in the lymphatic system, nestled in the upper left side of the abdomen. It is composed of two primary regions: the red pulp and the white pulp, each having distinct functions. The red pulp performs a significant role in blood filtration. It efficiently purges the blood of old or damaged red blood cells and...
Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 18, 2026

Automated Quantification of Hematopoietic Cell – Stromal Cell Interactions in Histological Images of Undecalcified Bone
09:31

Automated Quantification of Hematopoietic Cell – Stromal Cell Interactions in Histological Images of Undecalcified Bone

Published on: April 8, 2015

B lymphocytes and the skeleton.

Mark C Horowitz1, Joseph A Lorenzo

  • 1Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06510, USA. Mark.horowitz@yale.edu

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|September 18, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Transcription factor O/E-1, crucial for B cell development, is vital for osteoblast development. O/E-1 deficiency in mice leads to increased osteoblasts and adipocytes, revealing its role in lineage commitment.

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Last Updated: Jun 18, 2026

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A Human Bone Marrow 3D Model to Investigate the Dynamics and Interactions Between Resident Cells in Physiological or Tumoral Contexts
09:07

A Human Bone Marrow 3D Model to Investigate the Dynamics and Interactions Between Resident Cells in Physiological or Tumoral Contexts

Published on: December 16, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Mesenchymal lineage cells differentiate into various cell types, including osteoblasts and adipocytes, originating from bone marrow pluripotent stem cells.
  • Early osteoblast lineage commitment and the molecular control of the osteoblast-adipocyte lineage bifurcation remain poorly understood.
  • Transcription factors involved in hematopoietic stem cell development are increasingly recognized for their roles in skeletal development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the transcription factor O/E-1 in osteoblast development.
  • To explore the potential involvement of O/E-1 in the early cell fate decisions of the osteoblast lineage.
  • To understand the molecular mechanisms controlling osteoblast and adipocyte lineage bifurcation.

Main Methods:

  • Expression analysis of O/E-1 in osteoblasts.
  • Phenotypic analysis of O/E-1-deficient mice, including skeletal parameters and cell populations.
  • Histological examination of bone marrow and long bones in wild-type and O/E-1-deficient mice.

Main Results:

  • O/E-1 is expressed in osteoblasts and plays a critical role in osteoblast development.
  • O/E-1-deficient mice exhibit growth retardation (runt phenotype).
  • O/E-1 deficiency leads to increased bone formation parameters, a striking increase in osteoblasts, and a dramatic expansion of adipocytes in the medullary canal.

Conclusions:

  • The transcription factor O/E-1 is essential for normal osteoblast development and differentiation.
  • O/E-1 plays a significant role in regulating the balance between osteoblast and adipocyte lineages.
  • O/E-1 represents a key molecular link between B cell development and skeletal development, impacting lineage commitment decisions.