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Anesthesia affects respiratory and sympathetic nerve activities differentially.

P G Wagner1, F L Eldridge, R T Dowell

  • 1Department of Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599.

Journal of the Autonomic Nervous System
|December 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Anesthesia alters the relationship between phrenic and sympathetic nerve responses to hypercapnia. Both chloralose/urethane and pentobarbital increased apneic thresholds and depressed sympathetic activity more than phrenic nerve activity.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Respiratory Physiology
  • Anesthesiology

Background:

  • The influence of anesthesia on respiratory control is critical for patient safety.
  • Understanding how anesthetics affect neural control of breathing, specifically sympathetic and phrenic nerve activity, is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of chloralose/urethane and pentobarbital anesthesia on phrenic and cervical sympathetic nerve responses to hypercapnia in decerebrated cats.
  • To compare the dose-dependent effects of these anesthetics on neural respiratory control.

Main Methods:

  • Twelve decerebrated, vagotomized, glomectomized, paralyzed, and ventilated cats were studied.
  • Phrenic and cervical sympathetic nerve activities were recorded during hypercapnia (elevated end-tidal PCO2) before and after administration of varying doses of chloralose/urethane or pentobarbital.

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Main Results:

  • Both anesthetics significantly increased apneic thresholds for phrenic and sympathetic nerve activity.
  • Dose-dependent decreases in peak, tonic, and respiratory-related sympathetic nerve activity were observed.
  • Phrenic nerve activity was less affected by the anesthetics compared to sympathetic nerve activity.
  • Anesthetics depressed respiratory-related sympathetic nerve responses more than phrenic nerve responses at any given end-tidal PCO2.

Conclusions:

  • Anesthesia, specifically chloralose/urethane and pentobarbital, alters the relationship between phrenic and sympathetic nerve activity during hypercapnia.
  • These anesthetics differentially affect sympathetic and phrenic nerve responses, with a greater depression of sympathetic activity.