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Related Concept Videos

Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology

Vasogenic edema is a major form of cerebral edema characterized by abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain’s extracellular space due to disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is a specialized structure composed of endothelial cells connected by tight junctions, supported by astrocytic endfeet and a basement membrane. Under normal conditions, it tightly regulates the movement of ions, proteins, and solutes between the bloodstream and brain parenchyma. When this barrier loses...
Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction01:26

Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction

A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by a temporary, focal reduction in cerebral blood flow. Although symptoms resemble those of an ischemic stroke, the interruption in perfusion is short-lived and does not cause permanent infarction. TIAs are clinically important because they often serve as early warning events for future stroke.Mechanisms of Transient Cerebral IschemiaTransient cerebral ischemia may arise through several mechanisms. One...
Vascular Spasm01:16

Vascular Spasm

The vascular phase, also known as vasospasm, is the initial stage of hemostasis, crucial for preventing excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. After a vessel is cut, nerves in the damaged area trigger pain and other sensory impulses. Simultaneously, the smooth muscles in the vessel wall contract, resulting in a vascular spasm. This contraction reduces the vessel's diameter at the injury site, slowing or stopping blood loss through the vessel wall. Vascular spasms typically last for...
Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction01:17

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...

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Permanent Cerebral Vessel Occlusion via Double Ligature and Transection
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Postpartum reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome.

Satish Chandrashekaran1, Sameer Parikh, Prashant Kapoor

  • 1University of North Dakota, Meritcare Hospital, Fargo, North Dakota shekaransat@hotmail.com

The American Journal of the Medical Sciences
|September 18, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Postpartum reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome, a condition causing severe headaches and neurological issues, requires consideration in new mothers. This syndrome involves temporary narrowing of brain arteries and typically resolves without intervention.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Obstetrics

Background:

  • Postpartum reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS), also known as postpartum cerebral angiopathy, presents with headache and focal neurological deficits.
  • Angiographically, it is characterized by transient, reversible cerebral vasoconstriction.

Observation:

  • A 26-year-old woman, two weeks postpartum, presented with confusion, agitation, and headache.
  • She subsequently developed right leg weakness.
  • Cerebral angiogram revealed diffuse irregularities of intracerebral vessels, and MRI showed multiple acute infarcts.

Findings:

  • The patient's clinical condition significantly improved within days without specific intervention.
  • Follow-up MRA three months later was normal, indicating full recovery.

Implications:

  • RCVS should be considered in the differential diagnosis for postpartum patients presenting with headache and focal neurological deficits.
  • Early recognition and understanding of RCVS can guide appropriate patient management and improve outcomes.