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Related Concept Videos

Chirality02:25

Chirality

Chirality is a term that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in an object. In other words, chiral objects cannot be superposed on their mirror images. For example, our feet are chiral, as the mirror image of the left foot, the right foot, cannot be superposed on the left foot.
Chiral objects exhibit a sense of handedness when they interact with another chiral object. For example, our left foot can only fit in the left shoe and not in the right shoe. Achiral objects — objects that have...
Chirality in Nature02:30

Chirality in Nature

Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid. The...
Properties of Enantiomers and Optical Activity02:24

Properties of Enantiomers and Optical Activity

It is essential to understand the difference between chiral and achiral interactions and the implications thereof in optical activity and their applications. Just as our feet, which are chiral, interact uniquely with chiral objects, such as a pair of shoes, but identically with achiral socks, enantiomers of a molecule exhibit different properties only when they interact with other chiral media. An example of a significant implication from this facet is the phenomenon known as optical activity,...
Prochirality02:05

Prochirality

The concept of prochirality leads to the nomenclature of the individual faces of a molecule and plays a crucial role in the enantioselective reaction. It is a concept where two or more achiral molecules react to produce chiral products. A typical process is the reaction of an achiral ketone to generate a chiral alcohol. Here, the achiral reactant reacts with an achiral reducing agent, sodium borohydride, to generate an equimolar mixture of the chiral enantiomers of the product. For example, an...
Stereoisomerism02:52

Stereoisomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula.
Transition metal complexes often exist as geometric isomers, in which the same atoms are connected through the same types of bonds but with differences in their orientation in space. Coordination complexes with two different ligands in the cis and trans positions from a ligand of interest form isomers. For example, the octahedral [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+ ion has two isomers (Figure 1) In the cis...
Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers02:25

Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers

Molecules that possess multiple chiral centers can afford a large number of stereoisomers. For instance, while some molecules like 2-butanol have one chiral center, defined as a tetrahedral carbon atom with four different substituents attached, several molecules like butane-2,3-diol have multiple chiral centers. A simple formula to predict the number of stereoisomers possible for a molecule with n chiral centers is 2n. However, there can be a lower number where some of the stereoisomers are...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

A Micropatterning Assay for Measuring Cell Chirality
08:07

A Micropatterning Assay for Measuring Cell Chirality

Published on: March 11, 2022

Chirality in ocular agents.

Andrey Leonov1, Leonard Bielory

  • 1UMDNJ - New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.

Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|September 18, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Chirality significantly impacts ocular medications, with different stereoisomers potentially causing varied or opposite effects. Understanding chiral properties improves drug efficacy and safety profiles for better clinical decisions.

Area of Science:

  • Ocular Pharmacology
  • Medicinal Chemistry

Background:

  • Chirality, the property of non-superimposable mirror images, is crucial in drug development.
  • Stereoisomeric purity is increasingly recognized for enhancing drug efficacy and safety profiles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role and impact of chirality in current ocular pharmacology.
  • To highlight the benefits of chirally pure medications in improving efficacy and side-effect profiles.

Main Methods:

  • Review of published findings on ocular medications concerning their chiral nature.
  • Examination of how different stereoisomers affect ocular agent activity.

Main Results:

  • Chirality influences multiple classes of ocular agents, with isomers exhibiting different or opposing pharmacological effects.

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Novel Photoacoustic Microscopy and Optical Coherence Tomography Dual-modality Chorioretinal Imaging in Living Rabbit Eyes

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Coulomb Explosion Imaging as a Tool to Distinguish Between Stereoisomers
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Coulomb Explosion Imaging as a Tool to Distinguish Between Stereoisomers

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Last Updated: Jul 11, 2026

A Micropatterning Assay for Measuring Cell Chirality
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Published on: March 11, 2022

Novel Photoacoustic Microscopy and Optical Coherence Tomography Dual-modality Chorioretinal Imaging in Living Rabbit Eyes
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Novel Photoacoustic Microscopy and Optical Coherence Tomography Dual-modality Chorioretinal Imaging in Living Rabbit Eyes

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Coulomb Explosion Imaging as a Tool to Distinguish Between Stereoisomers
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Coulomb Explosion Imaging as a Tool to Distinguish Between Stereoisomers

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  • Knowledge of individual isomer effects aids clinical decision-making.

    • Conclusions:

    • Many ocular agents exist as stereoisomer mixtures, necessitating investigation into individual isomer properties.
    • Further research into the chiral properties of ocular medications is essential for optimizing therapeutic outcomes and minimizing adverse effects.