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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause

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Published on: August 13, 2019

Fat distribution and endothelial function in normal-overweight menopausal women.

S Marchesi¹, G Vaudo, G Lupattelli

¹Internal Medicine, Angiology and Atherosclerosis, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy. simonamarchesi@yahoo.it

Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics

|September 19, 2007

Summary

Visceral fat in normal-overweight women is linked to higher inflammation and poorer endothelial function. Reducing abdominal fat may improve vascular health and reduce atherosclerosis risk.

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Assessment of Vascular Tone Responsiveness using Isolated Mesenteric Arteries with a Focus on Modulation by Perivascular Adipose Tissues

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Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial Function: A Technical Guideline of the Flow-mediated Dilation Test

Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial Function: A Technical Guideline of the Flow-mediated Dilation Test

Published on: April 27, 2016

Area of Science:

Cardiovascular research
Metabolic health
Vascular biology

Background:

Adipose tissue, particularly in the trunk, is metabolically active, releasing adipokines.
These adipokines are associated with insulin resistance, inflammation, and atherosclerosis.
Ultrasound technology aids in assessing fat distribution and its metabolic impact on early atherosclerosis.

Purpose of the Study:

To examine how abdominal fat influences endothelial function in normal-overweight individuals.
To investigate the relationship between abdominal fat, early atherosclerotic damage, and inflammatory markers.
To assess these factors in 162 normal-overweight Caucasian postmenopausal women (BMI 25-30 kg/m²).

Main Methods:

162 Caucasian postmenopausal women were analyzed.
Visceral fat distribution was assessed and correlated with brachial flow-mediated vasoactivity (FMV).
Measurements included BMI, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), and lipid profiles.

Main Results:

Lower visceral fat correlated with higher brachial FMV and lower BMI, waist circumference, sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, and LDL cholesterol.
Visceral fat directly correlated with sICAM-1 (r=0.43) and inversely with FMV (r=-0.49).
Multivariate analysis identified LDL cholesterol, visceral fat, sICAM-1, HDL cholesterol, and brachial diameter as predictors of brachial FMV.

Conclusions:

In normal-overweight Caucasian women, visceral fat is associated with increased soluble ICAM-1 levels.
Visceral fat is inversely related to endothelial function (FMV).
Abdominal visceral fat plays a significant role in endothelial dysfunction and systemic inflammation.