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Related Concept Videos

Eukaryotic Compartmentalization01:37

Eukaryotic Compartmentalization

One of the distinguishing features of eukaryotic cells is that they contain membrane-bound organelles, such as the nucleus and mitochondria, that carry out specialized functions. Since biological membranes are only selectively permeable to solutes, they help create a compartment with controlled conditions inside an organelle. These microenvironments are tailored to the organelle's specific functions and help isolate them from the surrounding cytosol.
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Eukaryotic Compartmentalizations01:46

Eukaryotic Compartmentalizations

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Storage01:23

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A schema is a mental framework that helps individuals organize and interpret information. Schemata, formed from previous experiences, influence how we process new information: how we encode it, the inferences we make, and how we retrieve it. For instance, a schema for what a typical classroom looks like might include desks, a teacher's desk, a whiteboard, and students in such an environment. This expectation helps us quickly understand and navigate new classrooms without needing to analyze each...
Additional Subnuclear Structures02:10

Additional Subnuclear Structures

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ER Retrieval Pathway01:45

ER Retrieval Pathway

In the secretory pathway, vesicles transport proteins from one cellular compartment to another in forward transport to deliver the protein to its correct location. Occasionally, misfolded proteins and incorrect proteins escape their original compartments, and a retrieval pathway is used to return the escaped proteins to their original compartment.
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Genomic DNA in Eukaryotes00:58

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Eukaryotes have large genomes compared to prokaryotes. To fit their genomes into a cell, eukaryotic DNA is packaged extraordinarily tightly inside the nucleus. To achieve this, DNA is tightly wound around proteins called histones, which are packaged into nucleosomes that are joined by linker DNA and coil into chromatin fibers. Additional fibrous proteins further compact the chromatin, which is recognizable as chromosomes during certain phases of cell division.

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Assembly and Characterization of Biomolecular Memristors Consisting of Ion Channel-doped Lipid Membranes
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Published on: March 9, 2019

Rational design of memory in eukaryotic cells.

Caroline M Ajo-Franklin1, David A Drubin, Julian A Eskin

  • 1Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Genes & Development
|September 19, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Scientists engineered cellular memory in yeast using a rational design approach with transcriptional positive feedback. This method allows for predictable control of gene expression, advancing synthetic biology applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Synthetic biology
  • Systems biology
  • Molecular biology

Background:

  • Engineering novel cellular functions is key to understanding biological systems.
  • Cellular memory allows cells to retain information about past events.
  • Predictable control over gene expression is a goal in synthetic biology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the rational design of cellular memory in yeast.
  • To utilize autoregulatory transcriptional positive feedback for memory.
  • To quantitatively characterize regulatory components for predictable network behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of transcriptional activators.
  • Quantitative characterization of gene expression effects in living yeast cells.
  • Development of computational models using quantitative parameters.

Main Results:

  • Successfully designed and implemented a cellular memory network in yeast.
  • Accurate prediction of network behavior through modeling and quantitative characterization.
  • Demonstrated predictable control over eukaryotic regulatory networks.

Conclusions:

  • Rational design of cellular memory is achievable in yeast.
  • Quantitative characterization of biological parts is crucial for predictable synthetic biology.
  • This approach advances the engineering of complex regulatory networks in eukaryotes.