Search research articles

Related Concept Videos

Overview of Exosomes

Overview of Exosomes

Exosomes are stable, lipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles capable of crossing biological barriers. They can carry a wide range of molecules required for intercellular communication. Once exosomes are released from the cell where they originated, they enter a recipient cell through various pathways such as fusion, receptor-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis.
Stahl et al. discovered exosomes in 1983, but the exosomes were initially considered waste products released from the...

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...

Tumor Immunotherapy

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

A transcriptomic analysis reveals shared and inducer-specific expression patterns of cellular senescence.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

Ensemble of Time-Evolving SASP Gene Sets Identifies IGFBP7 and CDKN1A as a Potential Marker Pair for Senescent Fibroblast Subpopulations Across Tissues.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026

Same author

Tomatidine is a senotherapeutic compound that improves cognitive function and reduces cellular senescence in aged mice.

EMBO molecular medicine·2026

Same author

Heart Rate Threshold Settings for Ventricular Tachycardia in Patients with Wearable Cardioverter-defibrillators.

The Journal of innovations in cardiac rhythm management·2026

Same author

The ageing immune system as a driver of systemic ageing.

Nature reviews. Immunology·2026

Same author

Osteoarthritis Gene Therapy: A 30-Year Journey From Concept to Clinical Trials.

Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society·2026

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

A Simple and Efficient Method for Testing Immunomodulatory Agents for Generation of Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells from Human CD14+ Monocytes

A Simple and Efficient Method for Testing Immunomodulatory Agents for Generation of Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells from Human CD14⁺ Monocytes

Published on: April 11, 2025

Modulation of the immune response using dendritic cell-derived exosomes.

Nicole R Bianco¹, Seon-Hee Kim, Adrian E Morelli

¹Department of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)

|September 19, 2007

Summary

Exosomes from dendritic cells (DC) effectively treat arthritis. These nano-sized vesicles, derived from DC treated with immune-regulating cytokines, show therapeutic potential comparable to DC for autoimmune disorders.

More Related Videos

Preparation of Tumor Antigen-loaded Mature Dendritic Cells for Immunotherapy

Preparation of Tumor Antigen-loaded Mature Dendritic Cells for Immunotherapy

Published on: August 1, 2013

Isolation And Dendritic Cell-Uptake of Small Extracellular Vesicles from Echinococcus granulosus

Isolation And Dendritic Cell-Uptake of Small Extracellular Vesicles from Echinococcus granulosus

Published on: March 28, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 11, 2026

A Simple and Efficient Method for Testing Immunomodulatory Agents for Generation of Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells from Human CD14+ Monocytes

A Simple and Efficient Method for Testing Immunomodulatory Agents for Generation of Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells from Human CD14⁺ Monocytes

Published on: April 11, 2025

Preparation of Tumor Antigen-loaded Mature Dendritic Cells for Immunotherapy

Preparation of Tumor Antigen-loaded Mature Dendritic Cells for Immunotherapy

Published on: August 1, 2013

Isolation And Dendritic Cell-Uptake of Small Extracellular Vesicles from Echinococcus granulosus

Isolation And Dendritic Cell-Uptake of Small Extracellular Vesicles from Echinococcus granulosus

Published on: March 28, 2025

Area of Science:

Immunology
Nanotechnology
Cell Biology

Background:

Dendritic cells (DC) modified to express cytokines or apoptotic proteins were initially studied for arthritis treatment.
Exosomes, nano-sized vesicles released by cells like DC, carry immune-regulating proteins.
Previous research explored DC-based therapies for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the therapeutic potential of exosomes derived from immature DC.
To evaluate the efficacy of these exosomes in preclinical models of inflammation and arthritis.
To establish a protocol for exosome preparation and characterization from murine bone marrow-derived DC.

Main Methods:

Preparation of exosomes from murine bone marrow-derived DC treated with immunomodulatory cytokines (IL-10, IL-4).
Assessment of exosome purity and concentration using electron microscopy, Western blot, and flow cytometry.
In vitro evaluation using mixed leukocyte reaction and in vivo assessment in delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) models.

Main Results:

Exosomes derived from cytokine-treated immature DC inhibited inflammation in DTH and reduced severity in CIA models.
The therapeutic effect of the exosomes was comparable to that of the parental DC.
Exosomes demonstrated stability, suggesting a potential advantage over DC for therapeutic applications.

Conclusions:

DC-derived exosomes are a promising cell-free therapeutic approach for arthritis and other autoimmune diseases.
The stability of exosomes makes them a potentially superior alternative to DC for future treatments.
Standardized protocols for exosome preparation and functional assessment are crucial for clinical translation.