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Related Concept Videos

Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management01:26

Nephrotic Syndrome II : Assessment and Medical Management

IntroductionNephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to various systemic complications. This condition often results from damage to the glomeruli—the kidney's filtering units—causing proteinuria, low blood protein levels, and fluid retention. Understanding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of nephrotic syndrome is essential for effective treatment and prevention of further kidney damage.AssessmentPatient History: Document any history...
Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of fluid...
Nephrotic Syndrome III : Nursing Management01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome III : Nursing Management

Nursing management for nephrotic syndrome adapts as the disease progresses, with strategies evolving to address advancing symptoms and complications.Early-Stage Management In the early stages, nursing interventions for nephrotic syndrome resemble those used in managing acute glomerulonephritis, focusing on symptom monitoring, fluid balance, and managing mild to moderate edema.Vital Signs: Regularly monitor blood pressure, pulse, respiratory rate, and temperature to promptly identify...
Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy01:26

Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) is an essential intervention for patients experiencing severe kidney dysfunction. This therapy offers a continuous mechanism for removing fluids and toxins from the bloodstream, leveraging the patient’s blood pressure to facilitate filtration through a specialized filter. This method contrasts with intermittent dialysis, providing a gentler and more consistent removal of waste products and excess fluid, which is particularly beneficial in critically...
Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure01:26

Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure

Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living donor...
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Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

5/6th Nephrectomy in Combination with High Salt Diet and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition to Induce Chronic Kidney Disease in the Lewis Rat
08:50

5/6th Nephrectomy in Combination with High Salt Diet and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition to Induce Chronic Kidney Disease in the Lewis Rat

Published on: July 3, 2013

Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome: long-term evolution after sequential therapy.

Antonia Peña1, Juan Bravo, Marta Melgosa

  • 1Nefrología, Hospital Infantil La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, Madrid 28046, Spain. apena.hulp@salud.madrid.org

Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany)
|September 19, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study shows that sequential therapy with methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide effectively treats steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children, achieving remission in most patients and preserving kidney function. However, some children may develop steroid dependence.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 11, 2026

5/6th Nephrectomy in Combination with High Salt Diet and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition to Induce Chronic Kidney Disease in the Lewis Rat
08:50

5/6th Nephrectomy in Combination with High Salt Diet and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition to Induce Chronic Kidney Disease in the Lewis Rat

Published on: July 3, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Immunosuppressive Therapy
  • Glomerular Diseases

Background:

  • Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) poses a significant challenge in pediatric kidney disease.
  • Identifying effective treatment strategies for SRNS is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
  • Understanding the long-term renal function and treatment response in SRNS is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sequential intravenous methylprednisolone plus oral prednisone, with or without cyclophosphamide, in children with SRNS.
  • To assess the long-term remission rates and renal function preservation in this cohort.
  • To identify factors predicting treatment response and prognosis in pediatric SRNS.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 30 children diagnosed with SRNS.
  • Treatment involved intravenous methylprednisolone and oral prednisone; 24 also received cyclophosphamide.
  • Histological diagnoses included minimal change disease (MCD), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), and diffuse mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (DMPG).

Main Results:

  • Overall remission was achieved in 73.3% of patients (22/30).
  • No significant difference in response was observed between MCD and FSGS.
  • Initial steroid resistance was identified as a poor prognostic sign; 20% developed steroid dependence.

Conclusions:

  • Sequential therapy with methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide is effective for pediatric SRNS, leading to high remission rates and preserved renal function.
  • Long-term follow-up indicates sustained remission in most patients, though some require additional immunosuppressants.
  • Early resistance to steroids is a key indicator of a less favorable outcome.