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Related Concept Videos

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All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
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Related Experiment Video

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Plasma Polishing as a New Polishing Option to Reduce the Surface Roughness of Porous Titanium Alloy for 3D Printing
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Published on: April 28, 2023

Bone growth in rapid prototyped porous titanium implants.

M A Lopez-Heredia1, E Goyenvalle, E Aguado

  • 1INSERM, U791, Laboratoire d'ingénierie ostéoarticulaire et dentaire, Faculté de chirurgie dentaire, Université de Nantes, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, 44042 Nantes, France.

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part A
|September 19, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Rapid prototyping enables the creation of porous titanium implants with bone-like mechanical properties. These implants demonstrate significant bone ingrowth, making them promising for orthopedic and maxillofacial applications.

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Published on: December 8, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Porous titanium implants offer potential for bone regeneration due to their biocompatibility and mechanical properties.
  • Rapid prototyping (RP) allows for the fabrication of complex implant geometries with controlled porosity.
  • Matching the mechanical properties of implants to those of native bone is crucial for successful integration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To manufacture and evaluate porous titanium implants with specific pore sizes (800 and 1200 micrometers) using rapid prototyping.
  • To assess the bone formation and bone-implant contact within these implants in a rabbit femoral model.
  • To determine the suitability of RP-manufactured porous titanium for orthopedic and maxillofacial applications.

Main Methods:

  • Two types of porous titanium implants (Ti800 and Ti1200) with ~60% porosity were fabricated using rapid prototyping, matching CAD designs.
  • Implants were implanted into the femoral epiphysis of New Zealand White rabbits.
  • Histological analysis was performed at 3 and 8 weeks post-implantation to quantify bone ingrowth and bone-implant contact.

Main Results:

  • Both Ti800 and Ti1200 implants exhibited significant bone formation and ingrowth within 8 weeks.
  • Bone ingrowth in Ti1200 implants showed a statistically significant decrease from 3 to 8 weeks (23.9% to 10.3%).
  • Bone-implant contact percentages remained consistent across different time points and pore sizes, indicating stable integration.

Conclusions:

  • Rapid prototyping is a viable method for producing macroporous titanium implants with tailored porosity and mechanical properties comparable to cortical bone.
  • The fabricated porous titanium implants support substantial bone regeneration, demonstrating their potential for orthopedic and maxillofacial reconstruction.
  • Further research can explore optimizing pore size and structure for enhanced bone ingrowth and long-term implant stability.