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Related Experiment Videos

Speech deterioration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a case study.

R D Kent1, R L Sufit, J C Rosenbek

  • 1Department of Communicative Disorders, University of Wisconsin-Madison.

Journal of Speech and Hearing Research
|December 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Speech intelligibility significantly declined in a woman with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) over two years. This study details specific phonetic and acoustic changes linked to motor neuron loss in bulbar ALS.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Speech-Language Pathology
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • Detailed reports on speech and voice changes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are scarce.
  • This case study focuses on a 53-year-old female diagnosed with bulbar-onset ALS.

Observation:

  • Speech intelligibility, pulmonary function, and speech/voice parameters were monitored over a 2-year period.
  • Speech intelligibility decreased from 98% to 48% during the observation interval.

Findings:

  • Significant declines were observed in phonetic features, including voicing and place/manner of articulation for consonants.
  • Acoustic analysis revealed a decline in the average slope of the second-formant frequency, correlating with intelligibility loss.
  • Pulmonary function showed a severe reduction in airflow measures; vocal function measures were highly variable.

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Implications:

  • Findings highlight specific phonetic and acoustic markers associated with disease progression in bulbar ALS.
  • Results underscore the challenges in accurately assessing communication disability progression and managing speech impairments in ALS patients.
  • The study suggests potential for acoustic measures to reflect underlying neurological changes, aiding in monitoring disease impact.