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Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Dissection and Grading of Ovarian Development in Wild-Type Female Insects

Dissection and Grading of Ovarian Development in Wild-Type Female Insects

Published on: July 14, 2023

Codling moth management and chemical ecology.

Peter Witzgall¹, Lukasz Stelinski, Larry Gut

¹Chemical Ecology Group, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-230 53, Alnarp, Sweden. peter.witzgall@phero.net

Annual Review of Entomology

|September 20, 2007

Summary

Synthetic pheromones disrupt codling moth mating, offering an effective, non-toxic pest control method for apple orchards. This environmentally relevant technique combats insecticide resistance in codling moth (Cydia pomonella) populations.

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Area of Science:

Entomology
Chemical Ecology
Pest Management

Background:

Lepidopteran insects rely on sex pheromones for mating.
Pheromone-based mating disruption is a viable pest management strategy.
Codling moth (Cydia pomonella) is a significant apple pest, with increasing insecticide resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the chemical ecology of the codling moth.
To examine the behavioral mechanisms of pheromone-mediated mating disruption.
To discuss the practical implementation of mating disruption programs.

Main Methods:

Review of scientific literature on codling moth chemical ecology and mating disruption.
Analysis of the effectiveness of synthetic codlemone applications.
Examination of area-wide program implementation.

Main Results:

Synthetic codlemone effectively controls codling moth populations at high densities (up to 100 g/ha).
Mating disruption is a species-specific and non-toxic control method.
Area-wide programs demonstrate significant environmental and economic benefits.

Conclusions:

Pheromone-mediated mating disruption is a successful, sustainable pest management technique for codling moth.
Collaborative efforts are crucial for the success of area-wide pest control programs.
This approach provides an essential alternative to conventional insecticides due to resistance issues.