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Related Concept Videos

Mass Analyzers: Common Types01:19

Mass Analyzers: Common Types

The quadrupole mass analyzer consists of four cylindrical metal rods arranged in a diamond carrying a DC voltage and a radio-frequency AC voltage. The motion of ions through the quadrupole depends on the field strength, causing only ions of a certain m/z to resonate successfully and strike the detector at a given field strength. Though the transmission rate for these analyzers is high, the exact elemental composition of the sample is not determined because of low resolution; however, they are...
Mass Analyzers: Overview01:13

Mass Analyzers: Overview

The mass analyzer is a crucial component of the mass spectrometer. In the ionization chamber, the vaporized sample is bombarded with a high-energy electron beam to generate a radical cation and further fragment into neutral molecules, radicals, and cations. A series of negatively charged accelerator plates accelerate the cations into the mass analyzer. The mass analyzer separates ions according to their mass-to-charge (m/z) ratios and then directs them to the detector. The common types of mass...
Mass Spectrometers01:16

Mass Spectrometers

This lesson details the instrumentation of a mass spectrometer—a physical instrument to perform mass spectrometry on analyte molecules and record the characteristic mass spectra. This is achieved via three chief functions:
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Types of Detectors01:15

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Types of Detectors

The role of the detectors in High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is to analyze the solutes as they exit from the chromatographic column. The detector recognizes the solute's property and generates corresponding electrical signals, which are converted into a readable graph of the detector's response versus elution time called a chromatogram at the computer. There are several types of HPLC detectors, each with its own advantages and limitations, depending on the analyte properties and...
Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:21

Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and reduce chemical noise during analyte detection. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called...
Mass Spectrum: Interpretation01:24

Mass Spectrum: Interpretation

An unknown compound can be established by identifying the molecular ion peak in the mass spectrum. The molecular ion peak is often weak or absent due to the predominance of fragmentation in high-energy electron beams. In such cases, a soft-energy electron beam can be used to scan the spectrum to enhance the intensity of the molecular ion peak. Additionally, chemical ionization, field ionization, and desorption ionization spectra are used to obtain a relatively intense molecular ion peak.To...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Experimental Methods for Trapping Ions Using Microfabricated Surface Ion Traps
11:45

Experimental Methods for Trapping Ions Using Microfabricated Surface Ion Traps

Published on: August 17, 2017

Quadrupole ion traps and trap arrays: geometry, material, scale, performance.

Z Ouyang1, L Gao, M Fico

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Schools of Electrical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.

European Journal of Mass Spectrometry (Chichester, England)
|September 20, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recent advancements in quadrupole ion traps explore new geometries like linear ion traps (LITs) and rectilinear ion traps (RITs). These innovations enable high-throughput analysis and miniaturized mass spectrometers for diverse applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Instrument Development

Background:

  • Quadrupole ion traps are crucial components in mass spectrometry.
  • Traditional designs face limitations in throughput and miniaturization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent developments in quadrupole ion trap geometries and fabrication.
  • To highlight advancements in miniaturized mass spectrometers and array configurations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing multiple particle simulations (e.g., ITSIM) to guide new ion trap geometries.
  • Employing rapid prototyping apparatus (RPA) and silicon microfabrication for trap construction.
  • Investigating individual traps and arrays for mass spectrometry applications.

Main Results:

  • New geometries like linear ion traps (LITs) and rectilinear ion traps (RITs) have been developed.
  • Trap arrays function as multiplexed spectrometers for high throughput or as composite traps for enhanced capacity.
  • A 10 kg hand-held tandem mass spectrometer based on RIT technology was demonstrated.

Conclusions:

  • Significant progress in ion trap design and fabrication enables advanced mass spectrometry.
  • Miniaturized instruments offer potential for portable, high-performance analysis.
  • New trap configurations improve both throughput and analytical capacity.