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Suicide following spinal cord injury
M J DeVivo1, K J Black, J S Richards
1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham 35294.
Paraplegia
|November 1, 1991
Summary
Individuals with spinal cord injuries (SCI) have a significantly higher risk of suicide, with a standardized mortality ratio (SMR) of 4.9. This elevated risk is most pronounced within the first five years post-injury.
Area of Science:
- Rehabilitation Medicine
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Spinal cord injury (SCI) affects a significant population, necessitating comprehensive long-term care strategies.
- Understanding mortality patterns, particularly suicide, is crucial for improving patient outcomes and support systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the incidence and patterns of suicide among individuals with spinal cord injuries.
- To identify risk factors and high-risk periods for suicide in the SCI population.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective cohort study of 9135 individuals with SCI treated between 1973 and 1984.
- Follow-up data collected until December 31, 1985.
- Standardized mortality ratio (SMR) calculated using age-sex-race-specific rates for the general population.
Main Results:
- 50 suicides occurred, representing 6.3% of deaths, with an SMR of 4.9 compared to the general population.
- The highest SMR for suicide was observed 1 to 5 years post-injury.
- Elevated SMRs were noted across all neurological groups, particularly complete paraplegia, and in individuals aged 25-54 years.
Conclusions:
- Suicide is a leading cause of death for individuals with SCI, especially those with complete paraplegia.
- There is a critical need for increased awareness, improved psychosocial support, and enhanced follow-up assessments for SCI patients.
- Targeted interventions are necessary to mitigate suicide risk in the SCI population.