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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Event Related Potentials (ERPs) and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Event Related Potentials (ERPs) and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Published on: March 12, 2020

Does social class predict substance problems in young adults with ADHD?

Michael C Monuteaux¹, Timothy E Wilens, Joseph Biederman

¹Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. mmonuteaux@partners.org

The American Journal on Addictions

|September 21, 2007

Summary

Social class and substance use problems show a U-shaped link in young males with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Those at the highest and lowest socioeconomic levels faced greater risks, unlike controls.

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Using Brain Activation (nir-HEG/Q-EEG) and Execution Measures (CPTs) in a ADHD Assessment Protocol

Using Brain Activation (nir-HEG/Q-EEG) and Execution Measures (CPTs) in a ADHD Assessment Protocol

Published on: April 1, 2018

Area of Science:

Psychiatry
Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Addiction Medicine

Background:

The link between socioeconomic status (SES) and substance use disorders (SUDs) is complex and not fully understood.
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a known risk factor for SUDs, but its interaction with SES in this context requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between social class and substance use problems in young adult males.
To examine whether this association differs between individuals with and without ADHD.

Main Methods:

A sample of young adult males, including 69 with ADHD and 78 controls, was assessed.
Substance use problems were evaluated using the Drug Use Screening Inventory-Revised (DUSI).
Statistical analyses were performed to explore the relationship between SES and DUSI scores.

Main Results:

A significant U-shaped association was observed between SES and substance use problems among ADHD subjects.
Individuals with ADHD at both the highest and lowest ends of the SES spectrum exhibited elevated risks for substance-related problems.
No significant association between SES and substance use problems was found in the control group.

Conclusions:

Substance use risk in individuals with ADHD is uniquely influenced by socioeconomic status.
Both lower and higher SES may confer vulnerability to substance use problems in young men with ADHD.
These findings highlight the need for tailored interventions considering SES in ADHD populations at risk for SUDs.