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Data Processing Methods for 3D Seismic Imaging of Subsurface Volcanoes: Applications to the Tarim Flood Basalt

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Athabasca Valles, Mars: a lava-draped channel system.

W L Jaeger¹, L P Keszthelyi, A S McEwen

¹Astrogeology Team,U.S. Geological Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA. wjaeger@usgs.gov

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|September 22, 2007

Summary

Athabasca Valles on Mars, once thought to be carved by water floods, is actually covered by lava flows from recent volcanic eruptions. These lava flows also explain apparent ice features in the region.

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Area of Science:

Planetary Science
Volcanology
Geology

Background:

Athabasca Valles on Mars is a prominent outflow channel system.
Previous interpretations suggested catastrophic water floods carved these channels.
The presence of surface materials has been a key focus for understanding Martian geological history.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the surface composition and geological processes of Athabasca Valles.
To re-evaluate the origin of features within Athabasca Valles and Cerberus Palus.
To understand the prevalence of volcanic versus fluvial processes in Martian channel formation.

Main Methods:

Analysis of high-resolution imagery from the High-Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) camera.
Geological interpretation of surface features within Athabasca Valles and Cerberus Palus.
Comparison of observed features with known volcanic and fluvial landforms.

Main Results:

Athabasca Valles is covered by a thin layer of solidified lava.
The lava originated from a fissure eruption and inundated the channels.
Features previously interpreted as ice are confirmed to be volcanic in origin.
Similar volcanic processes may be responsible for surface materials in other Martian fluvial channels.

Conclusions:

The formation of Athabasca Valles is primarily attributed to recent volcanic activity, not solely water floods.
Lava flows are a significant geological process shaping Martian channel systems.
The findings suggest a re-evaluation of surface compositions at potential ancient flood sites on Mars is necessary, as lava may be more widespread than previously assumed.