Pregnane glycosides from Solanum nigrum.

Area of Science:

• Natural Product Chemistry
• Phytochemistry
• Organic Chemistry

Background:

• Solanum nigrum L. (black nightshade) is a widely distributed plant with a history of traditional medicinal use.
• Pregnane glycosides are a class of bioactive compounds found in various plant species, including Solanum species.
• Previous phytochemical investigations of Solanum species have revealed a diverse range of steroidal glycosides.

Purpose of the Study:

• To isolate and characterize novel pregnane saponins from Solanum nigrum L.
• To elucidate the chemical structures of the isolated compounds using spectroscopic methods.
• To contribute to the understanding of the phytochemical profile of Solanum nigrum.

Main Methods:

• Extraction of dried Solanum nigrum herb using 60% ethanol.
• Isolation of compounds using chromatographic techniques.
• Structural elucidation through extensive spectroscopic analysis (NMR, MS) and comparison with literature data.

Main Results:

• Isolation of two new pregnane saponins, designated solanigroside A (1) and solanigroside B (2).
• Characterization of solanigroside A and B with complex glycosidic linkages to a pregnane steroid core.
• Identification of two known compounds (3 and 4) alongside the new saponins.

Conclusions:

• The study successfully identified and characterized two new pregnane saponins from Solanum nigrum.
• The findings expand the knowledge of the chemical constituents of Solanum nigrum, particularly its steroidal glycosides.
• The isolated compounds, solanigroside A and B, represent novel additions to the family of pregnane saponins.