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[Modern strains of Bordetella pertussis: immunobiological properties and vaccine improvement]

A S Shinkarev, N U Mertsalova, I K Mazurova

    Zhurnal Mikrobiologii, Epidemiologii I Immunobiologii
    |September 22, 2007
    PubMed

    Insights

    Bordetella pertussis strains from Moscow patients differed genetically from those in the local DTP vaccine. These wild strains, primarily serotype 1.0.3, showed significant virulence and potential for acellular pertussis vaccine development.

    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology and Immunology
    • Vaccine Development

    Background:

    • Pertussis, caused by Bordetella pertussis, remains a significant public health concern.
    • Existing whole-cell pertussis vaccines (DTwP) have limitations, driving interest in acellular pertussis vaccines (aP).
    • Understanding the genetic and immunobiological characteristics of circulating B. pertussis strains is crucial for vaccine efficacy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze nucleotide sequences of pertactin and S1-subunit genes in B. pertussis strains isolated from Moscow patients (2001-2005).
    • To compare these genes with those in strains used in locally produced DTP vaccines.
    • To evaluate the immunobiological properties and potential of isolated strains for aP vaccine production.

    Main Methods:

    • Isolation and characterization of B. pertussis strains from clinical samples.
    • Nucleotide sequencing of pertactin (gene P.69) and S1-subunit of pertussis toxin (gene PT-S1) genes.
    • Serotyping of isolated strains.
    • Assessment of immunobiological properties and virulence.

    Main Results:

    • Significant genetic differences were observed in pertactin and PT-S1 genes between wild B. pertussis strains and those in the local DTP vaccine.
    • The majority of isolated strains belonged to serotype 1.0.3.
    • Isolated wild strains exhibited marked virulence.

    Conclusions:

    • Circulating B. pertussis strains in Moscow exhibit genetic divergence from vaccine strains, potentially impacting vaccine effectiveness.
    • The identified virulent serotype 1.0.3 strains represent candidates for the development of new acellular pertussis vaccines.
    • Continuous surveillance of B. pertussis genetics is essential for maintaining effective pertussis immunization programs.

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