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Using Solution NMR to Characterize Biomolecular Condensates Under Biphasic Conditions
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Nucleation versus spinodal decomposition in confined binary solutions.

Alexander S Abyzov1, Jürn W P Schmelzer

  • 1National Science Center, Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Academician Strasse 1, 61108 Kharkov, Ukraine.

The Journal of Chemical Physics
|September 25, 2007
PubMed
Summary

This study analyzes phase separation mechanisms like spinodal decomposition and nucleation using a thermodynamic cluster model. It explores how cluster evolution and thermodynamic constraints influence these processes in various systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Thermodynamics
  • Materials Science
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Phase separation is crucial in materials science and chemistry.
  • Understanding spinodal decomposition and nucleation mechanisms is key.
  • Existing models often simplify cluster evolution and thermodynamic feedback.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze spinodal decomposition and nucleation using a generalized thermodynamic cluster model.
  • To investigate the transition between these phase separation mechanisms.
  • To examine the impact of cluster evolution and thermodynamic constraints on phase separation dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Generalized thermodynamic cluster model based on the generalized Gibbs approach.
  • Analysis of cluster evolution (size and intensive state parameters).
  • Consideration of systems where ambient state parameters change due to cluster evolution (depletion effects).

Main Results:

  • The model captures basic features of spinodal decomposition and nucleation.
  • Cluster size and state parameters dynamically evolve.
  • Depletion effects significantly influence cluster evolution in confined and large systems.
  • Thermodynamic constraints demonstrably affect phase separation dynamics.

Conclusions:

  • The generalized thermodynamic cluster model provides a robust framework for studying phase separation.
  • Dynamic cluster evolution and thermodynamic feedback are critical factors.
  • The findings are applicable to phase formation in confined systems and ensembles of clusters.