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Neutrality, compensation, and negative selection during evolution of B-cell development transcriptomes.

Reinhard Hoffmann1, Claudio Lottaz, Thomas Kühne

  • 1Basel Institute for Immunology, Basel, Switzerland. reinhard.hoffmann@lrz.tum.de

Molecular Biology and Evolution
|September 25, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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Human and mouse B-cell development show significant differences in gene expression patterns, despite functional similarities. These variations may arise from evolutionary pressures, shaping gene usage during development.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • B-cell development in mammalian bone marrow follows a sequence of precursor stages.
  • This developmental pathway is functionally conserved between humans and mice.
  • The underlying genetic basis for this conserved pathway remains largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether conserved B-cell development in humans and mice involves similar gene expression patterns.
  • To compare large-scale gene expression profiles during early B-cell development across species.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of gene expression data from human and mouse B-cell precursors.
  • Identification of differentially expressed genes across distinct developmental stages.
  • Cross-species comparison of gene upregulation patterns.

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Main Results:

  • Substantial differences were observed in large-scale gene expression patterns between human and mouse B-cell development.
  • Out of 644 differentially expressed genes in human B-cell development, only a small fraction were similarly upregulated in mouse precursors.
  • Early mouse B- and T-cell precursors exhibited more similar gene expression than early human and mouse B cells.

Conclusions:

  • Significant gene expression differences suggest evolutionary mechanisms like selective neutrality or compensatory evolution in human and mouse B-cell precursors.
  • Conserved gene expression similarities may be attributed to negative selection.
  • Gene expression patterns are influenced by ontogeny in early development and functional specialization in later stages.