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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Murine Model of CD40-activation of B cells
12:24

Murine Model of CD40-activation of B cells

Published on: March 5, 2010

Why is there so much CD45 on T cells?

Rose Zamoyska1

  • 1Medical Research Council National Institute for Medical Research, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA UK. rzamoys@nimr.mrc.ac.uk

Immunity
|September 26, 2007
PubMed
Summary

The transmembrane phosphatase CD45 acts as both a positive and negative regulator in T cell signaling. This finding is crucial for understanding lymphocyte signaling pathways.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Signaling

Background:

  • Lymphocyte signaling relies on a delicate balance between kinase and phosphatase activity.
  • Dysregulation of these pathways can impact immune cell function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the transmembrane phosphatase CD45 in T cell signaling.
  • To elucidate the dual regulatory functions of CD45 in immune responses.

Main Methods:

  • The study by McNeill et al. (2007) analyzed the function of CD45 in T cell activation.
  • Specific biochemical and cellular assays were employed to assess signaling dynamics.

Main Results:

  • CD45 was identified as a key regulator in T cell signaling pathways.
  • Evidence suggests CD45 functions as both an activator and inhibitor of T cell responses.

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Generation of Human CD40-activated B cells
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Generation of Human CD40-activated B cells

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Discrimination of Seven Immune Cell Subsets by Two-fluorochrome Flow Cytometry
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Discrimination of Seven Immune Cell Subsets by Two-fluorochrome Flow Cytometry

Published on: March 5, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Murine Model of CD40-activation of B cells
12:24

Murine Model of CD40-activation of B cells

Published on: March 5, 2010

Generation of Human CD40-activated B cells
13:27

Generation of Human CD40-activated B cells

Published on: October 16, 2009

Discrimination of Seven Immune Cell Subsets by Two-fluorochrome Flow Cytometry
10:58

Discrimination of Seven Immune Cell Subsets by Two-fluorochrome Flow Cytometry

Published on: March 5, 2019

Conclusions:

  • The transmembrane phosphatase CD45 plays a critical, multifaceted role in T cell signaling.
  • Understanding CD45's dual regulatory capacity is essential for comprehending lymphocyte activation and immune homeostasis.