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Aortic atherosclerosis and stroke.

D P Briley, Z Lababidi, A J Bowdler

    Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases : the Official Journal of National Stroke Association
    |January 1, 1997
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Aortic atherosclerosis, a condition of plaque buildup in the aorta, is linked to stroke, especially strokes of unknown cause. Plaque characteristics like thickness and ulceration are associated with stroke risk and plasma viscosity.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiovascular Medicine
    • Neurology
    • Diagnostic Imaging

    Background:

    • Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) studies indicate aortic atherosclerosis as a potential stroke risk factor.
    • Previous research had limitations due to unbalanced control groups for vascular risk factors.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate aortic atherosclerosis in stroke patients compared to a high-risk control group using TEE.
    • To investigate the association between plasma viscosity, fibrinogen levels, and aortic atherosclerosis.

    Main Methods:

    • Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) was employed to assess aortic atherosclerosis.
    • The study included 60 patients with stroke and 46 high-risk control subjects.
    • Plasma viscosity and fibrinogen levels were examined in relation to aortic atherosclerosis.

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    Main Results:

    • Mean maximal plaque thickness (MMPT) was comparable between stroke patients and controls but varied by stroke mechanism.
    • Patients with stroke of undetermined mechanism showed a fourfold increased likelihood of having plaques >/=5 mm compared to controls.
    • Plaque ulceration correlated significantly with plaque thickness and plasma viscosity.

    Conclusions:

    • Aortic atherosclerosis is associated with stroke of undetermined cause, suggesting it is a causative factor.
    • Plaque ulceration is linked to aortic plaque thickness and elevated plasma viscosity.