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Related Concept Videos

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
Taste Buds and Receptors01:20

Taste Buds and Receptors

Gustation, or the sense of taste, is intrinsically linked to the anatomical structures located on the tongue. This organ's surface, along with the entirety of the oral cavity, is adorned with stratified squamous epithelium. Evident on the tongue are elevated structures known as papillae (singular = papilla), which house the mechanisms for the transduction of gustatory stimuli. Four distinct types of papillae exist, each identified by their unique morphological attributes: the circumvallate,...
Olfaction01:25

Olfaction

The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model of Stroke
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Published on: August 11, 2023

Olfactory and taste dysfunction after bilateral middle cerebral artery stroke.

L Moo1, R J Wityk

  • 1Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases : the Official Journal of National Stroke Association
|September 27, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Impaired smell and taste after stroke is rare. This case study highlights a patient with sensory dysfunction following an insular stroke, suggesting cortical integration areas may be involved.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience
  • Sensory Science

Background:

  • Acquired olfactory and gustatory dysfunction are typically linked to orbitofrontal tumors or head trauma.
  • Dysfunction of smell and taste following ischemic stroke is infrequently documented.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of smell and taste impairment after an ischemic stroke.
  • To explore the potential neurological basis for sensory dysfunction post-stroke.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a patient experiencing olfactory and gustatory deficits.
  • Neuroimaging analysis to identify the stroke's location and extent.
  • Correlation of clinical symptoms with neuroanatomical findings.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with impaired sense of smell and taste.
  • A localized insular frontoparietal stroke was identified.
  • A similar, mirror-image infarction was present in the contralateral hemisphere.

Conclusions:

  • Localized insular strokes can lead to acquired smell and taste dysfunction.
  • Injury to cortical areas integrating smell and taste may cause these sensory deficits.
  • This case expands the understanding of stroke-related sensory impairments.