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Related Concept Videos

Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).

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Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging
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Brain imaging research: does the science serve clinical practice?

Dean F Wong1, Gerhard Gründer, James Robert Brasic

  • 1The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Nuclear Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287-0807, USA. dfwong@jhmi.edu

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Summary

Brain imaging, using PET and SPECT, identifies brain biomarkers for neurological disorders. This research aids in diagnosing, treating, and developing drugs for conditions like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Brain imaging techniques like PET and SPECT are crucial for identifying biomarkers.
  • These biomarkers reveal alterations in neurotransmitters, neuroreceptors, and transporters.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the role of brain imaging in understanding neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders.
  • To demonstrate its utility in drug development and determining optimal therapeutic doses.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT).
  • Analyzing neurotransmitter, neuroreceptor, and transporter density and distribution in the brain.

Main Results:

  • Brain imaging elucidates dysfunction in conditions such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and schizophrenia.
  • Studies on dopamine D2 receptor occupancy guide drug dosage for antipsychotics.

Conclusions:

  • Brain imaging research holds significant potential for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of brain disorders.
  • It is instrumental in new drug development and establishing effective therapeutic dosages.