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Dental implants with locking taper connection versus screwed connection: microbiologic and scanning electron

S Pappalardo¹, I Milazzo, G Nicoletti

¹Dipartimento di Scienze Microbiologiche e Ginecologiche-Sezione di Microbiologia, Policlinico Università di Catania, Italy.

International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology

|December 6, 2007

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This study found that larger diameter screwed dental implants allow more bacterial infiltration at the fixture-abutment interface (FAI). Smaller diameter and locking taper FAI showed no bacterial infiltration, suggesting improved sealing.

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Microbiology
Dental Implantology

Background:

The fixture-abutment interface (FAI) is a critical area in dental implants.
Geometric discrepancies at the FAI can potentially lead to bacterial colonization and implant failure.
Understanding FAI permeability is crucial for preventing peri-implant infections.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze different Fixture-Abutment Interfaces (FAI) and compare connection systems.
To evaluate the role of geometric discrepancy in bacterial colonization at the FAI.
To assess bacterial infiltration in various screwed and locking taper FAI designs.

Main Methods:

In vitro testing of two commercially available FAI types: screwed (Sweden-Martina Italia) and locking taper (Bicon).

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Exposure of FAI to bacterial cultures (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pyogenes).

Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis to evaluate the gap at the fixture-abutment interface.

Main Results:

No bacterial infiltration was observed in locking taper FAI and 3.8 mm diameter screwed FAI.
Increasing bacterial infiltration levels were noted in screwed FAI with diameters of 4.7 mm, 5.7 mm, and 6.7 mm.
A direct correlation was found between the diameter of screwed implants and microbic infiltration permeability.

Conclusions:

The diameter of screwed implants is directly proportional to their permeability to microbic infiltration.
Smaller diameter screwed FAI and locking taper FAI demonstrate superior sealing against bacterial colonization.
Implant diameter is a significant factor influencing the risk of bacterial ingress at the FAI.