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Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic Stem Cells

Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell types that...

Stem Cell Culture

Stem Cell Culture

Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore called induced pluripotent stem...

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic cells are...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Reprogramming Primary Amniotic Fluid and Membrane Cells to Pluripotency in Xeno-free Conditions

Reprogramming Primary Amniotic Fluid and Membrane Cells to Pluripotency in Xeno-free Conditions

Published on: November 27, 2017

Embryonic stem cell therapy.

Joydeep Goswami¹, Mahendra Rao

¹Invitrogen Corp, 5781 Van Allen Way, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA. joydeep.goswami@invitrogen.com

Idrugs : the Investigational Drugs Journal

|September 28, 2007

Summary

Developing essential tools is crucial for advancing stem cell therapies from research to clinical application. These tools support manufacturing, animal studies, and early clinical trials, ensuring safety and efficacy for novel treatments.

Area of Science:

Regenerative Medicine
Biotechnology
Translational Science

Background:

Stem cell therapies, especially embryonic stem cell (ESC)-based approaches, present innovative treatment strategies.
Significant research focuses on developing tools for fundamental stem cell research.
Translating these therapies into clinical practice necessitates specialized tools for manufacturing and evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

To outline the critical tool development required for advancing stem cell therapies.
To identify key areas where technological advancements are needed for clinical translation.
To address safety and efficacy concerns in the progression of stem cell treatments.

Main Methods:

Discussion of tools for Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) scale-up and production of stem cells.

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Derivation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells by Immunosurgery

Published on: December 13, 2007

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Last Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Reprogramming Primary Amniotic Fluid and Membrane Cells to Pluripotency in Xeno-free Conditions

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Published on: November 27, 2017

Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Endothelial Cells for Treatment of Hindlimb Ischemia

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Review of tools for monitoring stem cell behavior in preclinical animal models.

Examination of tools for assessing transplanted cell performance in early human clinical trials.

Main Results:

Identified three essential categories of tools for stem cell therapy development.
Highlighted the role of these tools in bridging the gap between research and clinical application.
Emphasized the contribution of tool development to resolving safety and efficacy questions.

Conclusions:

The development of specific tools is paramount for the successful clinical translation of stem cell therapies.
Addressing manufacturing, preclinical, and clinical assessment needs through tool innovation is vital.
These advancements will facilitate the safe and effective application of stem cell treatments in patients.