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Polymorphonuclear leukocyte function in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients and its correlation with glycaemic control

Swapan Kumar Bhattacharya1, Sunita Shastri, Prabha Mahajan

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, BPKIHS, Dharan, Nepal. skbnpl@yahoo.co.in

Nepal Medical College Journal : NMCJ
|September 29, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Diabetic patients experience impaired immune function, particularly in polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL) activity. Good glycaemic control using glibenclamide or glimepiride can improve this function.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology
  • Diabetology

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus is linked to increased infection risk due to impaired host defense mechanisms.
  • Chronic hyperglycemia negatively impacts cell-mediated immunity, antibody formation, and polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL) function.
  • PMNLs are crucial in the initial defense against pathogens.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between impaired PMNL function and blood glucose levels in diabetic patients.
  • To assess the impact of glibenclamide and glimepiride on PMNL function and oxidative stress parameters.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of glycemic control in restoring PMNL activity.

Main Methods:

  • Assessing PMNL function in diabetic patients with varying glycemic control.
  • Measuring respiratory burst activity, superoxide anion (O2(-)), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production in neutrophils.
  • Comparing PMNL function before and after treatment with glibenclamide and glimepiride.

Main Results:

  • Diabetic neutrophils exhibited impaired respiratory burst activity and reduced O2(-) and H2O2 production.
  • Good glycemic control, achieved with glibenclamide and glimepiride, significantly improved PMNL function.
  • Restored PMNL function correlated with better blood glucose management.

Conclusions:

  • Impaired PMNL function is a significant issue in diabetic patients, contributing to infection susceptibility.
  • Glibenclamide and glimepiride demonstrate efficacy in improving neutrophil oxidative burst capacity.
  • Effective glycemic control is essential for enhancing immune defense in diabetes.

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