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Milk consumption and the prepubertal somatotropic axis.

Janet W Rich-Edwards1, Davaasambuu Ganmaa, Michael N Pollak

  • 1Connors Center for Women's Health and Gender Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. jrichedwards@partners.org

Nutrition Journal
|September 29, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Milk consumption may increase growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels in children. Studies in Mongolia and Massachusetts suggest milk intake stimulates somatotropic hormones in prepubertal individuals.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Growth Hormone Axis

Background:

  • Dairy foods contain nutrients, hormones, and growth factors that may influence somatotropic hormones.
  • Previous research suggests a potential link between milk intake and elevated growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratio.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of milk consumption on somatotropic hormone concentrations in prepubertal children.
  • To test if dairy intake stimulates growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), and the IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratio.

Main Methods:

  • Pilot study in Ulaanbaatar: 46 children (10-11 years) consumed 710 ml whole milk daily for one month, with plasma hormone levels measured before and after.
  • Randomized cross-over study in Boston: 28 girls (6-8 years) consumed 710 ml low-fat milk or a macronutrient substitute for one week each, with plasma hormone levels compared.

Main Results:

  • Mongolian children showed significant increases in IGF-I, IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratio, and GH levels after whole milk consumption (p < 0.0001).
  • Boston girls exhibited minor, non-significant increases in IGF-I, IGF-I/IGFBP-3, and GH after one week of low-fat milk intake.

Conclusions:

  • Milk intake may elevate somatotropic hormone levels in prepubertal children.
  • The novel finding suggests that milk nutrients or bioactive factors could stimulate endogenous GH production.