[Multilocular peritoneal inclusion cysts in puerperium]

We report the case of a 26 year old female with low abdominal pain occurring post-partum. Ultrasonography revealed the existence of pelvic cysts. Laparotomy allowed the resection of the cysts interpreted at that time as hydatic cysts. Four months later the patient was readmitted because of a recurrence of the cysts. Pathological examination made the final diagnosis of multilocular peritoneal inclusion cysts. The literature on this rare condition, previously denominated cystic benign mesothelioma, is reviewed. Recurrence may be prevented by the use of sclerosing agents during the surgical intervention.