Epidemiological approaches to drug misuse in Britain

Most surveys in Britain are carried out at local level, though some indicators are monitored at national level. An example of a successful multi-source and multiple method model used in local studies is described. The importance of integrating both quantitative and qualitative approaches is stressed. The emphasis is on the value of local research, and of comparative studies between localities (e.g., cities). National surveys offer a useful baseline against which to set local studies. They are also used to inform broad policies, though it is argued that they are often misused and that their contribution at national policy level is overrated. Most service delivery and prevention activities occur at local level. It is here that research can be interpreted in the local context, thus giving richer and more relevant insights. It is important that a range of methods and sources are used, since any one approach is partial and can easily lead to bias. The strengths and weaknesses of different methods are discussed.